APUSH CH 11- The peculiar institution

the peculiar institution

phrase used by white southerners to describe slavery without using the word slavery

cotton is king

phrase from James Henry Hammond explaining the virtues of cotton and how slavery helped it to become that

mason Dixon line

the line between Maryland and Pennsylvania that later became the line between slavery and freedom

second middle passage

massive trade of slaves from the upper south to the lower south between 1820 and 1860

paternalism

moral position that claimed that slaves were deprived of liberty for their own good, served as justification for slave owners

proslavery argument

defended the institution of slavery saying that it was good

fugitive slaves

runaway slaves were constantly searched for to try to return them

underground railroad

system of routes and safe houses by abolitionists to move slaves to freedom in the north

harriet tubman

slave woman who escaped and returned to her place of captivity 19 times to help her family and friends escape, guided 300 slaves to freedom

the amistad

ship that transported slaves from a port in Cuba to another port, overtaken by slaves and they eventually gained their freedom through a court case

denmark vessey’s conspiracy

failed slave uprising in Charleston led by ______________

Nat Turner’s rebellion

slave preacher and religious mystic who believed God chose him to lead an uprising, initially wanted to do it July 4th, but was too sick. They did it on August 22nd instead, killed a bunch of white people, 17 of the rebels were captured and killed. Caused tighter restrictions on slaves

garden plots

planters allowed slaves small plots to support their families upon

cotton belt

largest concentration of slaves, men, women and children working in one field with 1 overseer

plantation mistresses

femininity, beauty, reliance on men. Cared for sick slaves, directed servants and supervised plantations