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12 Terms

1
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what is a dominant allele?

  • B (capitalised)

  • overrules recessive allele

2
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for the characteristic for the dominant allele to be displayed…

at least one dominant allele must be present

3
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what is a recessive allele?

  • b (lowercase)

4
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for the characteristic for the recessive allele to be displayed…

both alleles must be recessive

5
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what does homozygous mean?

alleles are both identical

  • BB or bb

6
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what does heterozygous mean?

alleles are both different

  • Bb

7
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what is a homozygote?

an individual who has identical alleles for a particular gene

8
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what is a heterozygote?

an individual who has different alleles for a particular gene

9
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what is a genotype?

  • combination of alleles

  • BB, Bb, bb

10
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what is a phenotype?

the physical characteristics of an organism

11
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what do genes control?

characteristics you develop

  • some are controlled by a single gene

    • mouse fur colour, red-green colour blindness

  • most characteristics are controlled by several genes interacting

12
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how many versions (alleles) of every gene are in the body?

two (one on each chromosome in a pair)