Studied by 3 people
geocentric
earth-centered
heliocentric
sun-centered
universal law of gravitation
explains the planetary bodies continues in elliptical orbits around the sun ; one of newton’s three rules of motion
philosophe
French for “philosopher”, applied to all intellectuals during the Enlightenment
separation of powers
form of government in which the executive, legislative and judicial branches limit and control each other through a system of checks and balances
deism
eighteenth century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
lessez-fare
concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave economy alone
social contract
concept that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will
salons
the elegant urban drawing rooms where in the eighteenth century wealthy middle class people gathered to discuss the ideas of the philosopher
rococo
artistic style that replaced baroque
enlightened absolutism
system in which rulers tried to govern by enlightenment principles while maintaining full royal powers
successor
one that follows
federal system
form of government in which power is shared between national and state government
kepler
author of planetary first law planet about orbit around the sun in ellipses
Galileo
Italian scientist mathematician, discovered mountains on the moon,4 moons around Jupiter. author of the starry messenger
Sir Isaac Newton
author of mathematical principles of natural philosophy, defined the three laws of motion
Galen
great physician dominated the medicine in the Middle Ages relying on animal dissections
William Harvey
discovered that the heart was the beginning of the circulatory system
Blase Pascal
experimented how liquids behaved under pressure
Robert Boyle
conducted controlled experiments of chemistry; properties of gases led to Boyle’s law
Antoine Lavoisier
developed system for naming elements
Margaret Cavendish
philosopher wrote works on scientific matters, believed humans through science were the masters of nature, published under her own female name
Copernicus
thought that his heliocentric, sun centered, conception of the universe offered
Maria Winklemann
self taught astronomer, discovered a comet applied for a position as an assistant astronomer and was turned down
Rene Descartes
French philosopher used doubt to explain philosophy “I think therefore I am”
Sir Francis Bacon
developed the scientific method
John Locke
argued that every person was born with a blank mind and that people were molded by experiences
Montesquieu
stated that England has 3 branches of government came with the concept of separation of power. system of checks and balances. worked his system into the United States
Voltaire
greatest figure of the Enlightenment, known for his criticism of christianity
Diderot
author of the encyclopedia
Adam smith
author of the wealth of nations,expressed that state should not interfere with economics
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Flashcard (62)