Human Body Lab-Week1/2

Anatomical Position

Reference position where body is straight, eyes forward, arms down by the side, soles of feet flat with toes pointed forward

Anterior

Front half of the body in anatomical position

Posterior

Back half of the body in anatomical position

Superior/Cranial

Towards head or above something

Inferior/Caudal

Away from head or below something

Medial

Towards midline of the body

Lateral

Away from midline of the body

Proximal

Towards point of attachment of limb to trunk of body

Distal

Away from the point of attachment to trunk of body for a limb

Superficial

On the surface, above another structure in the sense of depth

Deep

Below the surface level, beneath another structure in the sense of depth

Abduction

Moving a limb away from the midline

Adduction

Moving a limb towards the midline

Thorax

Chest area (thoracic region) includes 12 ribs and sternum

Abdomen

Belly area between thorax and umbilicus

Axilla

Armpit

Armpit (axilla) location

Fold found between brachium and ribs

Brachium

Technical name for the true area which is know as the upper arm where the humerus is located

Antebrachium

Technical name for the lower arm where the radius and ulna are located

Carpus

Wrist

Tarsus

Ankle

Phalanges

Toes and fingers

Transverse plane

Divides body into superior and inferior parts (do not have to be symmetrical)

Sagittal plane

Divides the body into right and left (do not have to be symmetrical)

Midsagittal plane

Center line of the body dividing it into equal left and right halves

Frontal plane

Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Abdominopelvic cavity

Contains adbdomen and pelvis

Angle

A corner

Body

Main portion of bone

Canal

Small tubular hole through bone longer than foramen

Cavity

Generally articular (relating to joint) spaces where head of a bone fits

Condyle

Rounded bump, fits into a fossa on another bone, forming a joint

Crest (crista galli)

Ridge on a bone, generally a site for muscle attachment

Epicondyle

Bump near a condyle, often gives appearance of a bump on a bump

Facet

Flat surface that forms a joint with another facet or flat bone

Fissure

Narrow slit like opening for vessels and nerves

Foramen

Round hole for vessels and nerves

Fossa

Depression, often receives an articulating bone

Fovea

Small depression on a bone

Head

Proximal end of a bone, usually widened

Line

Similar to crest but not as pronounced

Margin

Edge of a flat bone or flat portion of an irregular bone

Meatus

Tubelike opening or channel

Neck

A narrowed portion found at the base of a head

Notch

A V like depression in the margin or edge of a flat area

Process

A raised area or projection

Ramus

Curves portion of a bone

Sinus

Cavity within a bone

Spine

Similar to a crest but more pronounced, often appears as sharp and pointed

Sulcus

Groove or elongated depression

Suture

Type of joint that appears as jagged lines where bones of skull meet

Trochanter

Large bump for muscle attachment, larger than a tubercle or tuberosity

Trochlea

Grooved sliding surface, increases mechanical advantage in the movement of a joint

Tubercle

Smaller version of tuberosity

Tuberosity

Oblong raised prominence, usually site for muscle attachment