(1.1) specialised cells: human, sperm & bacterial cells

What is a human (animal) cell?

A eukaryotic cell that contains a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.

What is the function of a human cell?

To carry out the basic life processes such as respiration, growth and reproduction.

Draw and label a human cell

Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.

What is a sperm cell?

A specialised male reproductive cell adapted for fertilisation.

What is the function of the tail of a sperm cell?

Allows the sperm to swim towards the egg.

What is the function of the mitochondria in a sperm cell?

Provides energy for movement.

What is the function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

Contains enzymes to digest the egg cell membrane.

Why does a sperm cell have a streamlined shape?

To reduce resistance and allow it to swim efficiently.

Draw and label a sperm cell

Head, nucleus, acrosome, mid-piece, mitochondria and tail.

What is a bacterial cell?

A prokaryotic cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

What structures are found in a bacterial cell?

Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and circular DNA.

What is special about bacterial DNA?

It is a single circular strand that floats freely in the cytoplasm.

What are plasmids?

Small rings of DNA in bacterial cells that carry extra genes.

Draw and label a bacterial cell

Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, circular DNA and plasmids.

State one difference between bacterial and human cells

Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus, human cells do.