Unit 3 Bio Photosynthesis + Cellular Respiration

where is the ETC located in photosynthesis

thylakoid memb

what is the ETC

a series of protein complexes thats creates a proton gradient to produce ATP

PS 2

generates energy as ATP

PS 1

generates reducing power as NADPH

both photo absorb red light

purpose of Calvin

turn CO2 into glucose 4 energy 4 plant

carbon fixation

CO2 is fixed into organic forms by attaching its carbon to molecule called ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) - catalyzed by enzyme called rubisco 

creates short-lived carbon intermediates that are reduced thru next stage 

reduction (add electrons)

ATP + NADPH used to reduce carbon containing intermediates (PGA) into simple sugar - G3P

ATP + NADP can then return to Light zreactions 

Regeneration

1 G3P molecule can exit cycle to be used by plant cell to build carbs

5 G3P used to regenerate RuBP + start cycle again

rubisco

enzyme which fixes carbon from atmosphere - use carbon as reactant to build into sugar

NAD

electron acceptor that can pick up 2 electrons + proton reducing to NADH

FAD

pick up 2 elecrtrons + 2 protons reduced in to FAH2

where do these occur

glycolysis 

pyruvate oxidation + krebs

Oxidative Phosphorylstion 

cytosol

mitochondrial matrix

inner memb, matrix, + intermemb space 

glyocolysis

doesnt need oxygen

6carbon glucose split into 2 2 carbon pyruvate molecules

produce = 4 ATP + 2 NADH from NAD

pyruvate + NADH can then proceed to next stages in mitochond

exergonic

fermentation

extension of glycolysis that allows cells to generate small amt of ATP + regenerate NAD - can be used to do gly again

pyruvate oxidation

pyruvate undergoes series of enzymatic reactionswhere CO2 is removed from pyruvate turning from 3 carbon to 2 carbon then oxidied to donate its electrons to another NAD + form NADH

product of oxidation = 2 crbon molecule called acetyl-CoA - proceed to Krebs

Krebs

thru series of redox reactions of acetyl-CoA + various molecules - electrons transferred to NAD + FAD - reducing them to NADH + FADH2

cycle also released more CO2 + syn 2 ATP 

NADH + FADH2 can then proceed to next stage