Femur and Pelvic Girdle

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the femur and pelvic girdle anatomy, joint classification, and projections used in radiography.

Femur

The longest bone in the human body, located in the thigh.

Pelvic girdle

A bony structure that connects the spine to the femurs and supports the lower limbs.

Sacroiliac joint

The joint between the sacrum and the ilium of the pelvis.

Hip joint

The ball-and-socket joint formed by the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis.

Symphysis pubis

The midline cartilaginous joint that unites the left and right pubic bones.

Acetabulum

The socket in the pelvis that receives the head of the femur.

Trochanters

Bony prominences on the femur where muscles attach, including greater and lesser trochanters.

Ischium

The lower and back part of the hip bone.

Ilium

The uppermost and largest part of the hip bone.

Pubis

The front part of the pelvic girdle, forming the pubic region.

Greater sciatic notch

A notch on the ilium that allows the passage of the sciatic nerve.

Lesser sciatic notch

A smaller notch located below the greater sciatic notch on the ischium.

Pubic arch

The angle formed by the two pubic bones at the front of the pelvis.

True pelvis

The lower part of the pelvic cavity that forms the birth canal.

False pelvis

The upper part of the pelvic cavity located above the pelvic brim.

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

A bony prominence at the anterior part of the ilium.

Ischial tuberosity

The bony protrusion on the ischium that bears body weight when sitting.

Hip joint classification

Categorized as a synovial, diarthrodial, spheroidal joint.

Angulation of proximal femur

The angle between the neck and shaft of the femur, approximately 125°.

Internal rotation

Movement of the hip that involves rotating the thigh inward.

External rotation

Movement of the hip that involves rotating the thigh outward.

Evaluation criteria for AP pelvis

Includes ensuring no rotation of pelvis with lesser trochanters not visible.