US Foreign Policy

Test Four

United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp (1936)

Congress could grant power to president to prevent arms sale

Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952)

president could not seize business without Congress approval

US v. Belmont (1937) and US v. Pink (1942)

executive agreement have same force as treaties

War power

court has tended to favour president

What does congressional assertiveness do over time?

varies

What are the four policy areas of Congressional behaviour?

War Powers, Consent to Appointments and Treaties, Power of the Purse and Laws, Power of Oversight and Investigations

What branch does the power of war belong to?

Congress, legislative

What happened in Korea?

“Police Action”, UN authorised

What happened in the Vietnam War?

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

What are the Three Central Requirements of the War Powers Act?

consult, report, congressional action

Who was rejected as “Papa” Bush’s Sec. of Defence nominee?

John Tower

What did Congress cut off military aid to?

South Vietnam in 1975

Where did the Human Rights agenda start?

Congress

What agenda started with Congress?

human rights

What did the Truman Committee oversee during World War II?

defence production, waste, profiteering

Whose committee oversaw defence production, waste, and profiteering?

Truman

What is regular oversight tied to?

authorisations and appropriations

What is the Pluralist Theory of Government?

society’s interests are represented through group action

What are the influence strategies in group politics for inside lobbying?

access-to-power, technocratic

What are the influence strategies in group politics for outside lobbying?

coalition-building, grassroots mobilisation

What are the foreign policy interest groups for consulting groups?

Eurasia Group

What are the foreign policy interest groups for foreign governments?

US lobbying firms

What are the foreign policy interest groups for private voluntary groups?

CARE, International Rescue Committee

What is the Military-Scientific-Complex?

the existence of various segments of society with complementary interests that were mutually dependent on one another, together played a vital role in foreign policy politics, broad complex of private, academic, governmental bureaucratic institutions inevitable outcome of society permanently mobilised for war

Who coined the Military-Industrial-Scientific Complex term?

Eisenhower