Physics and Chemistry: Newton’s Laws, Matter, and Elements
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45 Terms
Newton's 1st Law of Motion
An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless a force stops it.
Example of Newton's 1st Law
A soccer ball won't move until you kick it.
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion
Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma).
Example of Newton's 2nd Law
It takes more force to push a full shopping cart than an empty one.
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Example of Newton's 3rd Law
When you jump off a boat, the boat moves backward.
Inertia
resistance to change in motion
Acceleration
The rate at which velocity changes.
Velocity
Speed with direction.
Force
A push or pull on an object.
H
Hydrogen.
Na (S)
Sodium.
Au (G)
Gold.
K (P)
Potassium
CL
Chlorine
CU (pper)
Copper
HE
Helium
Fe (Ir)
Iron.
F
Fluorine
C
Carbon.
O
Oxygen.
N
Nitrogen.
Periodic Table Square
The element's symbol, name, atomic number, and atomic mass.
Weight
The force of gravity on an object.
Mass
The amount of matter(stuff an object contains) in an object.
Speed
How fast something moves (distance ÷ time).
Average Speed
Total distance ÷ total time.
Friction
A force that happens when two things rub against each other and slows them down or stops them.
Example of Friction
Rubbing hands together or car tires on the road.
Magnets
Objects that attract metals like iron and have north and south poles.
Complex Machine
Two or more simple machines working together (example: bicycle).
Rube Goldberg Machine
A fun, complicated chain reaction that does a simple task.
3 States of Matter
Solid, liquid, and gas.
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
5 Properties of Matter
Volume, Density, Color, and Shape, Mass. (VDCMS)
Physical Change
A change in form but not identity (example: Tear, Cut, Fold).
Chemical Change
A change that creates a new substance (example: Burning, Rusting, Cooking).
Simple Machines
(L)ever
(P)ulley
(W)heel and axle
(I)nclined plane
(W)edge
(S)crew
Lever
Seesaw
Pulley
Flagpole
Wheel and axle
Door Knob
Inclined Plane
Ramp
Screw
Jar Lid
Wedge
Knife
Gear
When one gear turns, the next one turns in the opposite direction
Note 
Flashcards (38)