Applied Kinesiology & Motor Function Interventions

Flashcards containing key vocabulary terms and definitions related to Applied Kinesiology and Motor Function Interventions.

Client factors

Basic structures and functions used in occupational performance such as edema, ROM, and strength.

Dynamics

The study of forces on an object.

Mechanical advantage (MA)

Ratio that describes how easily a force can move a resistance using a lever.

Moment arm

Perpendicular distance from axis of rotation to the line of force.

Muscle endurance

Ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly or over time without a decrease in force.

Muscle strength

Maximum amount of force produced by a muscle in a single contraction.

Range of motion (ROM)

Arc of rotational movement measured in degrees.

Strain

Change in shape of an object that results from stress placed on it.

Stress

Force acting on an object, divided by the cross-sectional area of the object.

Torque

Extent to which a force causes an object to rotate around an axis.

Viscoelasticity

The strain of scar tissue is a function of time as well as stress.

Osteokinematics

The motion that we see when our bones move in a given direction.

Arthrokinematics

The way joint surfaces move on each other, involving spin, glide, and roll.

First class lever

Lever with the fulcrum in the middle (FAR).

Second class lever

Lever with the load in the middle (ARF), allows a large load to be moved with relatively low effort.

Third class lever

Lever with effort in the middle (AFR).

Abduction (humeral head)

Glides inferiorly and rolls superiorly in the glenohumeral joint.

Adduction (humeral head)

Glides superiorly and rolls inferiorly in the glenohumeral joint.

Horizontal Abduction (humeral head)

Rolls laterally in the glenohumeral joint.

Horizontal Adduction (humeral head)

Rolls medially in the glenohumeral joint.

Open chain movement

Movement such as bringing food to your mouth, with flexion causing radius and ulna to glide anteriorly.

Closed chain movement

Movement such as pushing up to standing, indicating reversal of concave on convex relationship.

Continuous task

Task performed without a recognizable beginning or end.

Discrete task

Task that has a recognizable beginning or end.

Distributed practice

A practice schedule where rest between trials is equal to or greater than practice time.

Massed practice

A practice schedule where the rest time between trials is less than the practice time.

Motor recovery

Reacquisition of movement skills lost through injury or illness.

Nondeclarative/Implicit Learning

Where most motor learning occurs, intact even if explicit memory is not.

Procedural learning

Learning tasks automatically without attention or conscious thought; occurs with repeated practice.

Reflex Theory

Stimulus-response view of motor movement; stresses CNS influence.

Hierarchical Theory

Higher order, top-down approach where higher centers inhibit lower reflex centers.

Dynamic Systems Theory

Self-organizing systems with non-linear properties; output not proportional to input.

Ecological Theory

Emphasis on the environment and perception within that environment.

Task Oriented Approach

Focus on the interaction among differing systems contributing to control.

Cognition

Integrated functions of the mind that result in thought and goal-directed action.