Inflammation

Inflammation is a _______ response and is generally response to injury or infection

- nonspecific

Inflammation begins with the release of specific _________________ that recruit or activate body defense cells (basophils and mast cells). Then, mediators like ______________ induce leukocyte chemotaxis

-proteins and chemical mediators

-histamine and prostaglandins

Three main processes involved in inflammation (3)

1.) Vasodilation

2.) Mast cells release molecules

3.) Increased Phagocytosis (defense)

______  involves macrophages and mast cells as “first responders” within minutes. _____ release histamine, cytokines ,and other molecules. Results in _____ and ______

-Vasodilation

-Mast cells

-Warmth and redness

________ release molecules that increase capillary permeability. _______ and fluid enter interstitium (_____)

-Mast Cells

-Antibodies

-edema

• _____ quickly migrate to area and undergo diapedesis

• _______ (“first responders”) activated within minutes (non-specific)(phagocytize multiple times)

  •  Help contain pathogens

  • Recruit other ____

  • Release _____(fever causing)

• _____ attracted to area by chemotaxis (once)

  •  Diapedesis

  •  Ingest single or a few pathogens then die

  •  More neutrophils released from bone marrow and new produced

• Clotting proteins wall off site

  • Isolate microbes to clean up

• Persistent pain

  • Action potentials along sensory neurons in area increase

• ______ (“high white cell count”) indictor of an infection

  •  _____ stimulate production of neutrophils and monocytes

    • Increase removal or pathogens and dead cells

  • Facilitates healing

Increased phagocytosis (defense)

-Monocytes

-Macrophages

- phagocytes

-pyrogens

-Neutrophils

-Leukocytosis

-Cytokines

“first responders”) activated within minutes (non-specific)(phagocytize multiple times)

Macrophages

attracted to area by chemotaxis (once)

Neutrophils

 (“high white cell count”) indictor of an infection

Leukocytosis