Oxidation & Reduction
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16 Terms
Oxidation definition
Gain of oxygen / loss of electrons
Reduction definition
Loss of oxygen / gain of electrons
OIL RIG
Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)
Redox reaction
Reaction where oxidation and reduction happen simultaneously
Oxidising agent
Substance that causes oxidation by accepting electrons
Reducing agent
Substance that causes reduction by donating electrons
Oxidising agent behaviour
Gains electrons and is reduced
Reducing agent behaviour
Loses electrons and is oxidised
Example: magnesium + copper oxide
Mg reduces CuO → MgO + Cu
Explanation of example
Mg is oxidised (loses electrons), Cu²⁺ is reduced (gains electrons)
Electron transfer importance
Shows which species is oxidised or reduced
Oxygen transfer method
Useful for simple reactions involving oxygen gain/loss
Electron method
More accurate for ionic and displacement reactions
Redox in displacement
More reactive metal is oxidised, less reactive metal is reduced
Redox in rusting
Iron is oxidised to iron(III) oxide
Redox in combustion
Fuel is oxidised by oxygen
