Cardic and Peripheral Vascular System

The nurse is assessing the “atrial kick.” Which phase of the cardiac cycle is being evaluated? A. Early diastole B. Late diastole C. Early systole D. Late systole

B. Late diastole

Which heart sound marks the beginning of systole and closure of the AV valves? A. S1 B. S2 C. S3 D. S4

A. S1

S2 is louder than S1 at which auscultation location? A. Apex B. Base C. Mitral area D. 5th intercostal space

B. Base

If the SA node fails, at what rate can the AV node generate impulses? A. 60–100 bpm B. 40–60 bpm C. 20–40 bpm D. 10–20 bpm

B. 40–60 bpm

Fatigue, dyspnea, and crackles at lung bases are most consistent with: A. Right-sided heart failure B. Left-sided heart failure C. Arterial insufficiency D. Venous stasis

B. Left-sided heart failure

Which finding is most characteristic of right-sided heart failure? A. Orthopnea B. Dyspnea C. Dependent peripheral edema D. Displaced PMI

C. Dependent peripheral edema

Chest pain lasting 10 minutes and relieved by rest is documented as: A. Stable angina B. Unstable angina C. Myocardial infarction D. Heart failure

A. Stable angina

A female patient reports jaw pain, nausea, and extreme fatigue. What should the nurse prioritize? A. Dental exam B. Evaluate for MI C. GI assessment D. Anxiety screening

B. Evaluate for MI

A blood pressure of 135/85 mm Hg is classified as: A. Normal B. Elevated C. Stage 1 hypertension D. Stage 2 hypertension

C. Stage 1 hypertension

A BP of 185/125 mm Hg requires which priority action? A. Recheck in one week B. Assess for organ damage and prepare for hospitalization C. Lifestyle teaching D. Document as Stage 2

B. Assess for organ damage and prepare for hospitalization

Calf pain with walking that is relieved by rest is known as: A. Venous insufficiency B. Intermittent claudication C. Rest pain D. Pulmonary edema

B. Intermittent claudication

Which statement suggests venous insufficiency? A. Pain worse with walking B. Pain relieved by dangling legs C. Pain relieved with leg elevation D. Hair loss on legs

C. Pain relieved with leg elevation

Where is the apical pulse (PMI) located? A. 2nd ICS right sternal border B. 4th ICS left sternal border C. 5th ICS left midclavicular line D. 3rd ICS Erb’s point

C. 5th ICS left midclavicular line

A displaced PMI in a patient with COPD indicates: A. Normal finding B. Ventricular hypertrophy C. Acute MI D. Right-sided HF

B. Ventricular hypertrophy

Which valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle? A. Tricuspid B. Mitral C. Aortic D. Pulmonic

A. Tricuspid

When palpating the carotid artery, what is the most important safety precaution? A. Use thumb B. Palpate one side at a time C. Apply deep pressure D. Have patient hold breath

B. Palpate one side at a time

A palpable vibration over the precordium is documented as a: A. Lift B. Heave C. Thrill D. Bruit

C. Thrill

Which are modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease? A. Tobacco use B. Family history C. Physical inactivity D. Age E. Poor diet

A, C, E

Shortness of breath requiring multiple pillows to sleep is documented as: A. Dyspnea on exertion B. Orthopnea C. PND D. Claudication

B. Orthopnea

The defining characteristic of myocardial infarction is: A. Temporary ischemia B. Myocardial cell death C. Chest pain relieved by nitro D. Pulmonary congestion

B. Myocardial cell death

In the APE To Man sequence, what does “P” represent? A. Pulmonic valve B. Precordium C. PMI D. Posterior tibial

A. Pulmonic valve

Which pulse is palpated below the medial malleolus? A. Dorsalis pedis B. Posterior tibial C. Popliteal D. Femoral

B. Posterior tibial

A BP of 125/78 mm Hg on two occasions is categorized as: A. Normal B. Elevated C. Stage 1 HTN D. Stage 2 HTN

B. Elevated

Where are epitrochlear lymph nodes located? A. Groin B. Near elbow on arm C. Neck D. Axilla

B. Near elbow on arm

Cold, pale legs with hair loss and toe ulcers indicate: A. Arterial insufficiency B. Venous insufficiency C. Right-sided HF D. Lymphedema

A. Arterial insufficiency

Which valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta? A. Mitral B. Aortic C. Pulmonic D. Tricuspid

B. Aortic

A 3-lb weight gain in 24 hours in a HF patient suggests: A. Left-sided HF B. Right-sided HF C. MI D. Hypertension

B. Right-sided HF

If the SA and AV nodes fail, the bundle branches fire at what rate? A. 60–100 bpm B. 40–60 bpm C. 20–40 bpm D. 0–10 bpm

C. 20–40 bpm

Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin should raise concern for: A. Stable angina B. MI C. Hypertension D. Dysrhythmia

B. MI

Expected capillary refill finding is: A. >3 seconds B. <2 seconds C. Blue nail beds D. Clubbing

B. <2 seconds