Psychopharmacology and Disorders Lecture Notes

This flashcard set highlights key concepts in psychopharmacology, personality, sexual, and somatic disorders from the lecture notes.

What are antimanic agents used for?

They are used to manage mood disorders, especially bipolar disorder, to stabilize mood.

Name two common antimanic agents.

Lithium carbonate and divalproex sodium.

What is lithium toxicity and what are its symptoms?

Occurs when serum levels exceed 1.5 mcg/L; symptoms include nausea, vomiting, tremors, and seizures.

What are extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)?

Drug-induced movement disorders including akathisia, rigidity, and tardive dyskinesia.

What does a maintenance dose of lithium refer to?

A standard dose of lithium maintained for continued therapeutic effect, typically 0.6-1.0.

What nursing intervention should be taken for patients on lithium?

Monitor for signs of toxicity, ensure high fluid intake, and schedule periodic blood tests.

What should be avoided in patients taking lithium?

Use of NSAIDs, alcohol, and sudden stoppage of medication.

What is the main risk with atypical antipsychotic agents?

They carry a low risk of extrapyramidal symptoms but still require monitoring for agranulocytosis.

What are the common classes of antidepressants?

Tricyclic agents, Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs).

What is serotonin syndrome?

A potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonin levels, presenting with agitation, hyperthermia, and confusion.

What describes personality disorders?

Inflexible, maladaptive patterns of behavior or thinking causing significant impairment of functioning.

What are the three clusters of personality disorders?

Cluster A (Odd/eccentric), Cluster B (Dramatic/emotional), and Cluster C (Anxious/fearful).

What is the typical characteristic of somatic symptom disorders?

Recurrent, multiple physical complaints without a clear organic cause.

What is anorexia nervosa?

An eating disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation and an intense fear of gaining weight.

How is binge-eating disorder defined?

Frequent episodes of eating large amounts of food in a short time without compensatory behaviors.

What treatment is commonly used for sexual dysfunctions?

Sildenafil is commonly used to treat erectile dysfunction.

What is the importance of counseling in gender dysphoria?

Counseling is essential as the surgical procedure for gender dysphoria is irreversible.