Unit 6 & 7 - African Civilizations and Industrialization

Caravan

A cooperative group of people traveling together across a desert

Sahara Desert

Desert stretching across the northern region of Africa across which important trade routes stretched

Sundiata Keita

Founder and first ruler of the Mali Empire

Mansa Musa

King of the Mali Empire who is commonly referred to as the richest person to have ever lived

Mali Empire

West African empire lasting from the 11th-17th centuries known for its prolific trade networks, rich gold mines, and for spreading Islam in West Africa

Tributary Princes

A ruler of a state that pays tribute to a more powerful state

Ghana Empire

The first of the great medieval trading empires of western Africa lasting from the 7th-13th centuries, which gained influence from it's gold and salt trade

Pastoralism

A way of life and land use system that involves raising domestivated animals on open grassland for subsistence, sale, and social exchange

Songhai Empire

Great trading state of West Africa centered around the Niger River and flourished from the 15th-16th centuries.

Great Zimbabwe

Capital of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe which lasted from the 11th-15th centuries

Sahara Desert

What physical feature had the largest impact on the development of African civilizations?

Nile River

What is the longest river in Africa?

Congo RIver

Which river formed the basis for the African rainforest?

People traveling together, often using camels

What are caravans?

Current theory humans originated from Africa

Why is Africa known as the “Cradle of Humanity”?

Age of Exploration

Which historic era led to the biggest shift in how Sub-Saharan Africans interacted with non-Africans?

Economic problems, enlightenment ideals, poor leader

What three things combined to cause the French Revolution?

They attempted to intervene

How did European monarchies react to the French Revolution?

He served as an artillery officer and became a military hero

How did Napoleon Bonaparte gain his early fame?

He no longer needed a “breadbasket” for his slaves and needed cash for wars

Why did Emperor Bonaparte abandon French possessions in the New World?

The Continental System

How did Emperor Bonaparte attempt to counter Great Britain's independence?

The Battle of Waterloo

Which battle was the last defeat of Emperor Bonaparte?

Brought glory to the French, Reforms spread

What positive consequences resulted from Napoleon’s time in power?

Millions of people killed, ended enlightened ideas and democracy in France

What negative consequences resulted from Napoleon’s time in power?

Period of change in farming practices, new crops, breeding techniques

What was the agricultural revolution?

Skilled workforce, technology, demand for goods, government policies

What are the basic requirements for industrialization?

Middle class expanded, higher quality of living

What are positive consequences of industrialization?

Dangerous working conditions, unsafe housing

What are negative consequences of industrialization?

Increase of people and and things in a city

What is urbanization?

More job opportunities

What are positive consequences of urbanization?

Quickly spreading diseases

What are negative consequences of urbanization?

Increase in population, middle class expanded, better quality of living

How did the industrial revolution change the world?

Economic system - factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit

What is capitalism?

A political and economic theory which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the state for the benefit of all

What is socialism?

A political and economic theory which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by a stateless and classless society without private property

What is Marxism?

Napoleon Bonaparte

Emperor of France who reformed France’s government and society and waged multiple war around the globe

Congress of Vienna

A series of international diplomatic meetings to reshape the political landscape of Europe in order to bring about a new era of peace in Europe following the Napoleonic Wars

Industrialization

The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale

Agricultural Revolution

A series of developments in technology and shifts towards industrialization and urbanization that resulted in an unprecedented increase in agricultural production

Factory System

A method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labor

Socialism

A political and economic theory which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the state for the benefit of all

Marxism

A political and economic theory which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by a stateless and classless society without private property

Popular Sovereignty

The principal that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people

Bourgeoisie

The middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes

Proletariat

Workers or working-class people

Factory System

A method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labor

Black Sea

Which body of water best matches the one labeled with a five?

Great Britain

Which nation best matches the one labeled with a one?

North Sea

Which body of water best matches the one labeled with a two?

Russia

Which country best matches the one labeled with a six?

Ended democracy in France

Which of the following is not a positive consequence of Napolean Bonaparte?

Civil Wars

Which of the following is not a basic requirement of industrialization?

Socialism

Which political and economic theory resulted from laissez-faire policies?