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Nutrition care process
A systematic approach used by dietetics professionals to evaluate and treat nutrition-related problems
18.5 - 24.9
What is the normal BMI range?
Food and Nutrient Delivery
It is an individualized approach for nutrition support that can be given orally, enterally or parenterally depending on clinical status of the client.
Oral nutritional supplements
Sterile liquids, semi-solids, powders that provide nutrients. Widely used within the acute & community health settings.
Enteral nutrition
Any method of feeding that uses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Short term enteral access tubes
Placed into the nose or orally. Provides a means to meet patient nutrient needs.
Long term enteral access tubes
Allows short or long-term delivery of nutrients to the digestive tract. For patients who cannot maintain requirements orally & GIT obstruction.
Gastro - Jejunum Tube
Used when large amounts of food are vomited out. End-tube through abdominal wall into small intestine (jejunum). Placed so that liquid food is delivered straight to small intestine.
Gastrostomy Tube
End-tube through abdominal wall into stomach. Placed so that liquid food is delivered straight to stomach.
Parenteral nutrition
It is the delivery of calories & nutrients into a vein.
Total parenteral nutrition
Long term parenteral nutrition that provides total nutritional intake. Administered to large veins (vena cava & subclavian).
Peripheral parenteral nutrition
Short term parenteral nutrition that provides partial/supplemental sources of nutrients. Administered to small veins.
Therapeutic diet
Meal plan that controls the intake of certain foods/nutrients. Normally prescribed by a physician & planned by a dietician.
Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and GI diseases
What conditions require a therapeutic diet?
Diet therapy
Nutritional therapy, a diet specially prescribed to treat a health condition through gradual elimination and/or integration of specific foods
Clear liquid diet
Diet that consists of transparent foods that have no or low residue & fat. Aims to prevent dehydration or to clear the git. Examples include water, tea, sports drinks
Full liquid diet
More liberal than a clear liquid diet (viscous consistency). Administered in small frequent feeding. Examples includes yogurt, smoothie, pureed eggs
Coffee, tea, alcohol and soda
What should be avoided under a full liquid diet?
Soft diet
Given after a full liquid diet. Special diet containing only foods that are bland and soft in texture
Balanced diet
A diet that contains the combinations of foods which provide the normal proportions of complete nutrients
Bland diet
CAP-free, diet that consists of easily digested foods that do not irritate the digestive tract
Cold diet
Tonsil diet, consists of cold and iced smooth liquids, designed to minimize pain in the oral cavity and avoid bleeding of the affected area.
Constipating diet
Low residue, fiber, fat diet that aids in stool formation. Recommended for LBM.
Diabetic diet
Calculated diet, balanced diet measured to provide the number of exchanges/servings. Based on the individual's caloric requirement.
High-calorie diet
Used for patients who have athletic events. Meal plan needs to be above the caloric requirement & actual food intake.
High-fiber diet
It is a modified balanced diet with higher fiber content.
High-protein diet
Diet prescribed for growth & repair. Calls for 15g of protein/kg ideal body weight.
Hypoallergenic diet
Diet that eliminates foods that contain identified allergens. Depends on the person's sensitivity.
Individualization
This is important in a hypoallergenic diet because reactions to certain food may vary.
Low cholesterol diet
Diet that limits food choices to only those with little/no cholesterol. Planned so that cholesterol intake is no more than 300 mg per day.
Low fat diet
Diet that allows a minimal amount of dietary fat. Comprises less than or equal to 15% of the total caloric requirement.
Low protein diet
Diet that limits amount of intake of protein foods. Ranges from 20-40 grams per day.
Tube feeding
Provision of blended food to the stomach through a tube
Standard tube feeding
It is a milk-based formulation feeding with sugar and soft cooked eggs.
Blenderized tube feeding
It consists of soft diet allowances which can be blenderized easily, administered via NGT.
