Talley OT Exam 1

1 Timothy 1:5

goal of the impact of the Word in his teaching was that people would love better

Matthew 22:36-40

Jesus summarized the Law and made it clear that love is the ultimate priority

1 Corinthians 13

Love outweighs knowledge, giftedness, abilities. If we do not love well, we do not serve well.

distinguishing mark of the church (John 13:34-35)

the love we have for one another

Point of our purpose in reading & studying OT

it should be affecting the way we live and love.

Implications of reading & studying the Bible

there was a human author, human readers, it's a literary composition, and its purpose is theological

Point in our approach to reading & studying the Bible

In order for the Bible to impact us, we must think deeply about it and encounter God

As we depend on God, we need to

take God seriously (encounter), take ourselves seriously, and take the Bible seriously

Point in our dependence in reading & studying the Bible

This Bible is not something to just be studied, something should happen when we study it.

Division of OT by time of Christ

1. Law of Moses 2. The Prophets 3. Psalms/Writings

Division of OT after being bound together

1. Historical 2. Prophetic 3. Poetic

Story Line books

Genesis, Exodus, Numbers, Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, 2 Kings, Ezra, Nehemiah

Stories are powerful because

they communicate to a broad segment of society

Exodus

birth of Moses to the setting up of the Tabernacle at Sinai

Genesis

creation to death of Joseph in Egypt

Numbers

the wilderness journey from Sinai up to the death of Joshua

Joshua

the entrance and conquest of Canaan to the death of Joshua

Judges

the 400 year period of the judges

1 Samuel

the introduction of the Kingdom, Samuel and King Saul

2 Samuel

the reign of King David

1 Kings

the reign of King Solomon and the division of the Kingdom

2 Kings

the different kings of the divided kingdom & the period of the solitary kingdom to the exile

Ezra

the return from the Babylonian exile, including the building of the Temple

Nehemiah

the final phase of the return from exile, including the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem

Leviticus

Fit: within Exodus, Focus: gives details of how Mosaic Law is to be lived out everyday in Israel

Deuteronomy

Fit: bridge between Numbers & Joshua, Focus: Moses' last sermon to the 2nd generation, summarizing Israel's history & calling them to reaffirm their covenant

Ruth

Fit: within Judges, Focus: shows how God preserves the seed of the Messiah by focusing on a specific family's life

1/2 Chronicles

Fit: within Ezra & Nehemiah, Focus: summary of kingdom written after the exile

Esther

Fit: within Nehemiah, Focus: shows how God preserves His people in Babylon even though they do not return to the land of the exile

Six other historical books

Leviticus, Deuteronomy, Ruth, 1/2 Chronicles, Esther

Poetic books

Fit: Samuel & Kings, Focus: reflections on the experiences people as they live in a covenant relationship with Him

Prophetic books

Fit: within 2 Kings - Nehemiah, Focus: sermons calling people to turn from their sins & faithfully live for Yahweh

Main message of Genesis

Yahweh's creation of the human race (1-11) and covenant through the Hebrew race (12-50)

Purpose of Genesis

1. To provide a basic understanding of human experience in the world (shape, situation, salvation) 2. Provide beginning of understanding that it is possible to have a relationship with God

Contents of Genesis

A. Intro to Yahweh

B. Explain role of ppl in the world

C. Explain why Yahweh chose to work through chosen ppl

D. Demonstrate Yahweh's presence and perseverance in establishing chosen ppl

E. Show how Israel became a nation

Major divisions in Genesis

Primeval narratives and patriarchal narratives

Primeval narratives

universal concerns - origins of world and nations

Patriarchal narratives

Israelite concerns - origins of Israel

Toledoth formula

to bring forth/bear

"these are the generations of"

"this is the story of"

Vertical genealogy

linking of name with ancestors

Horizontal genealogy

shows different relationships

5 major blocks of narrative material

Intro


1. Creation & degeneration of humanity
2. Destruction of humanity
3. Abraham/Isaac
4. Isaac/Jacob
5. Jacob/Joseph

Major emphases in Genesis

Covenant/election

Monotheism

Sin

Origins

Theology of Genesis (1-2)

God's design: how God created it to be

Theology of Genesis (3-4)

Violation of God's Design: how it is

Covenant

a method of establishing and defining a relationship between 2 parties

4 main covenants

Abrahamic covenant

Mosaic covenant

Davidic covenant

New covenant

Abrahamic covenant: passage

Genesis 12, 15, 17

Abrahamic covenant: type

personal/family covenant

Abrahamic covenant: promises

land, seed and blessing

Abrahamic covenant: obligations

faithfulness to Yahweh and circumcision

Mosaic covenant: passage

Exodus 19-24

Mosaic covenant: type

National covenant

Mosaic covenant: promise

relationship

Mosaic covenant: obligations

obedience to stipulations of the Mosaic Law

Davidic covenant: passage

2 Samuel 7

Davidic covenant: type

dynastic covenant

Davidic covenant: promise

a forever throne

Davidic covenant: obligation

continued obedience to the Mosaic covenant

New covenant: passage

Jeremiah 31-32

New covenant: type

final covenant

New covenant: promise

rest

New covenant: obligation

to be yoked with Christ

Main message of Exodus

Israel's redemption from Egypt (1-18) and covenant with Yahweh (19-40)

Structure of Exodus

A. Israel in Egypt

B. Journey from Egypt to Mt. Sinai

C. Covenant and law at Mt. Sinai

Purpose of Exodus

A. Yahweh is judge, deliverer, and worthy of worship

B. God remembers His promise & covenant with the patriarchs

C. The importance of the Law in maintaining a relationship with Yahweh and being a distinct people

D. The story behind the Passover - a teaching memorial

Major emphases of Exodus

The Name of Yahweh

The Ten Plagues

The Passover

The Ten Commandments

The presence of God

Application of Exodus

He is the I AM who will be WITH you and who is FOR you

Theology of Exodus

God wants to be known

The Israelites want relief

HOW do we know him? (Exodus)

humility NOT pride

obedience NOT rebellion

worship NOT selfish-preoccupation

Main message of Leviticus

The proper means of fellowship between sinful humanity and a holy God

Writing of Leviticus (location)

in tent of Meeting and on Mt. Sinai

Writing of Leviticus (time)

Dedication of Tabernacle

Prep to enter Canaan

Purpose of Leviticus

1. Priestly manual of regulations, instructions and duties to point to "holy worship" and "holy living"
2. To demonstrate how a community is to live in a covenant relationship with Yahweh and one another
3. To demonstrate how one is to restore a broken relationship with Yahweh or one another

Similarities between Israel's religion and ANE

highly structured priestly classes

Differences between Israel's religion and ANE

direct revelation

monotheism

understanding of human sin

ethic/moral nature

holy character of Yahweh

Major emphases of Leviticus

Holiness

Sabbath rest

Law

Sabbath rest

brought sense of timelessness to worship and sense of holiness to time

Sabbath year

every 7 years

Year of Jubilee

every 49 years

Types of Law in Leviticus

Apodictic law and Casuistic law:

Apodictic law

unconditional categorical assertions of right and wrong

Casuistic law

laws that define specific cases & prescribed legal consequences

Main point/importance of sacrifices

For God's presence to remain with his ppl, they must maintain a purity in the land

Sacrifices were used...

to regulate a nation

express faith, worship, etc.

2 categories of sacrifices

1. for thanksgiving and praise
2. for sins of community

What did offerings not do?

Offerings weren't salvific because righteousness was by Abrahamic faith

Purpose was didactic for purpose of teaching

principles of Yahweh's holiness

principles of human sinfulness

principle of substitutionary atonement

need for repentance

Sacrifices/offerings ultimately point to

Christ

Christian counterparts to sacrifices/offerings

giving, worship, prayer, evangelism, selfless service

Over how many years was the Old Testament written?

1500

How many divinely inspired authors? How many in OT? How many in NT?

40, 30. 10

Prophets

Formal prophets-More historical, Joshua-2 Kings

Latter prophets-more prophetic

Historical stories

Genesis-Esther

Prophetic sermons

Isaiah-Malachi

Poetic songs

Job-Song of Songs