abeka health 9 section 6.2

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Health

9th

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23 Terms

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disease

any condition that prevents the body from functioning normally

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infectious

caused by invading pathogens (bacteria, virus, fungi, etc)

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noninfectious

cause by factors others than pathogens (aging, genetics, malnutrition, etc)

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acute

severe but it lasts for a short time 

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chronic

lasts for a long time or comes back regularly

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communicable

can easily spread from person to person

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noncommunicable

cannot be spread from person to person

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bacteria

microscopic organisms that can cause many illnesses in the body; some can survive without oxygen (anaerobic)

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virus

capsule of genetic information that can reprogram a cell to produce new viral cells

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protozoa

microscopic creatures that resemble animals; more rare, but more severe diseases

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fungi

yeast, mold, mushrooms, etc; more are poisonous than infections

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parasitic worms

worm-like disease causing creatures

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airborne

talking, singing, coughing, etc. spreads millions of germs into the air

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surfaces

 touching a surface that has the pathogen on it

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direct contact

physical contact with an individual who has the pathogen

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vectors

animals that carry a dangerous pathogen or illness

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memory cells

after you’ve become infected, your leukocytes will “remember” how to fight off a pathogen; resistance to disease is called immunity

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immunity

resistance to disease

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acquired

gained from memory cells and a previous encounter with a pathogen

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inborn

temporary immunity in infants

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species

certain pathogens cannot affect certain species

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vaccination

introducing weak or dead pathogens into the body (vaccine) to allow an acquired immunity to occur

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antibiotic

substances made from organisms that can stop the spread of pathogens, bacteria, etc