abeka health 9 section 6.2

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Health

9th

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23 Terms

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disease
any condition that prevents the body from functioning normally
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infectious
caused by invading pathogens (bacteria, virus, fungi, etc)
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noninfectious
cause by factors others than pathogens (aging, genetics, malnutrition, etc)
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acute
severe but it lasts for a short time 
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chronic
lasts for a long time or comes back regularly
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communicable
can easily spread from person to person
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noncommunicable
cannot be spread from person to person
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bacteria
microscopic organisms that can cause many illnesses in the body; some can survive without oxygen (anaerobic)
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virus
capsule of genetic information that can reprogram a cell to produce new viral cells
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protozoa
microscopic creatures that resemble animals; more rare, but more severe diseases
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fungi
yeast, mold, mushrooms, etc; more are poisonous than infections
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parasitic worms
worm-like disease causing creatures
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airborne
talking, singing, coughing, etc. spreads millions of germs into the air
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surfaces
 touching a surface that has the pathogen on it
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direct contact
physical contact with an individual who has the pathogen
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vectors
animals that carry a dangerous pathogen or illness
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memory cells
after you’ve become infected, your leukocytes will “remember” how to fight off a pathogen; resistance to disease is called **immunity**
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immunity
resistance to disease
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acquired
gained from memory cells and a previous encounter with a pathogen
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inborn
temporary immunity in infants
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species
certain pathogens cannot affect certain species
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vaccination
introducing weak or dead pathogens into the body (**vaccine**) to allow an acquired immunity to occur
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antibiotic
substances made from organisms that can stop the spread of pathogens, bacteria, etc