Additional Member System

Used:

Scottish Plmt

Welsh Plmt

Greater London Assembly

Logistics

Combination of FPTP and PR

Each citizen gets 2 votes- 1 paper FPTP in constituency, 1 paper for party in region

D’Hondt formula used to make the Plmt more equal- M(S)Ps elected so the overall composition is more representative (list MPs already decided in order will be elected)

Holyrood’s system designed to prevent majorities- SNP 2021

2021- SNP 1 seat short of majority, likely due to tactical voting

2021- tactical voting in Scotland

Unionists voted for other candidates (non-SNP)

• Jackie Baillie (Labour) majority increased from 0.3% to 3.9%

Scotland- smaller parties (Con small in Scotland) doing well - Green, Con

2021

• Greens- 0 constituency seats, 8 seats (due to regional voting)

• Cons- 5 constituency seats, 31 total seats (due to 26 regional)

Wales 2021 Senedd election turnout

46.6% (highest ever turnout)

2021- Wales vote distribution (list vs constituency) - Labour, Plaid Cymru

Labour: 27/30 seats constituency

Plaid Cymru: 5/13 constituency (has strong regional support)

• 13 seats represents 22% of the seats, similar to 20% of the votes

London assembly seats 2024 - Green, Cons

Green: 0 constituency, 3 regional

Con: 3 constituency, 5 regional

Split-ticket voting

Voting for a different party on each ballot (enourages small parties to run)