Intro to Human Health and Disease Final

Type 1 Diabetes, body can't make enough insulin Type 2 Diabetes, insulin resistance Type 2 Diabetes, cells don't use enough insulin Alpha cells make, Glucagon Glucagon, tells the body to release stored sugar Beta cells make, Insulin Insulin, tells the body to take up sugar Alpha and Beta cells are made in the, pancreas Type 1 Diabetes accounts for, 5-10% of cases Type 2 Diabetes accounts for, 95-90% of cases Type 2 Diabetes is (a), metabolic disease Type 1 Diabetes is a(n), autoimmune disease Glottis, vocal cords Trachea, windpipe Larynx, voice box Epiglottis, prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea Tidal volume, regular breathing Inspiratory reserve, breathing in as much as you can Expiratory reserve, breathing out as much as you can Residual volume, the bit of air left after you breathe out all your breath Vital capacity, as far as you can possible inhale and exhale Left lung has, two lobes Right lung has, three lobes Inspiration is, active; diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract Expiration is, passive; diaphragm relaxes Volume of thoracic cavity increases, inspiration Volume of thoracic cavity decreases, expiration pneumothorax, Air in the space between lungs and chest wall causes lungs to collapse pneumothorax is treated by, removing trapped air and reinflating lung sinusitis, blockage of sinuses otitis media, infection of the middle ear tonsilitis, inflammation of the tonsils Laryngitis, infection of the larynx Upper respiratory tract diseases include, sinusitis otitis media, tonsilitis, laryngitis Pneumonia, immune response causes thick fluid build-up in alveoli Tuberculosis, bacterial infection that leads to tubercles in the lung tissue pulmonary fibrosis, scarring of the lungs pulmonary fibrosis symptom, dry hacking cough and shortness of breath chronic bronchitis, inflammation of the bronchi chronic bronchitis symptom, wet cough and mucus asthma, narrowing of the airways asthma symptom, wheezing and shortness of breath emphysema, gradual thinning and destruction of alveoli emphysema symptom, wet cough and mucus Atherosclerosis, hardening of the arteries Atherosclerosis is how common?, very common Framingham heart study, ongoing study that identified risk factors like hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and diabetes Framingham heart study coined what term?, risk factor Jackson heart study, ongoing study that investigates the causes of cardiovascular disease in African Americans coronary heart disease is how common, most common coronary heart disease, reduction of blood flow to the heart coronary heart disease is caused by, plaque buildup in coronary arteries coronary heart disease causes, ischemia ischemia, lack of oxygen coronary heart disease symptoms, chest pain cerebrovascular disease, damage to the brain from interrupted blood flow strokes can be, ischemic and hemorrhagic hemorrhage, rupture of a blood vessel what percentage of adults have hypertension, 45% of adults hypertensive heart disease, heart disease caused by hypertension

Type 1 Diabetes

body can't make enough insulin

Type 2 Diabetes

insulin resistance

Type 2 Diabetes

cells don't use enough insulin

Alpha cells make

Glucagon

Glucagon

tells the body to release stored sugar

Beta cells make

Insulin

Insulin

tells the body to take up sugar

Alpha and Beta cells are made in the

pancreas

Type 1 Diabetes accounts for

5-10% of cases

Type 2 Diabetes accounts for

95-90% of cases

Type 2 Diabetes is (a)

metabolic disease

Type 1 Diabetes is a(n)

autoimmune disease

Glottis

vocal cords

Trachea

windpipe

Larynx

voice box

Epiglottis

prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea

Tidal volume

regular breathing

Inspiratory reserve

breathing in as much as you can

Expiratory reserve

breathing out as much as you can

Residual volume

the bit of air left after you breathe out all your breath

Vital capacity

as far as you can possible inhale and exhale

Left lung has

two lobes

Right lung has

three lobes

Inspiration is

active; diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract

Expiration is

passive; diaphragm relaxes

Volume of thoracic cavity increases

inspiration

Volume of thoracic cavity decreases

expiration

pneumothorax

Air in the space between lungs and chest wall causes lungs to collapse

pneumothorax is treated by

removing trapped air and reinflating lung

sinusitis

blockage of sinuses

otitis media

infection of the middle ear

tonsilitis

inflammation of the tonsils

Laryngitis

infection of the larynx

Upper respiratory tract diseases include

sinusitis otitis media

Pneumonia

immune response causes thick fluid build-up in alveoli

Tuberculosis

bacterial infection that leads to tubercles in the lung tissue

pulmonary fibrosis

scarring of the lungs

pulmonary fibrosis symptom

dry hacking cough and shortness of breath

chronic bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchi

chronic bronchitis symptom

wet cough and mucus

asthma

narrowing of the airways

asthma symptom

wheezing and shortness of breath

emphysema

gradual thinning and destruction of alveoli

emphysema symptom

wet cough and mucus

Atherosclerosis

hardening of the arteries

Atherosclerosis is how common?

very common

Framingham heart study

ongoing study that identified risk factors like hypertension

Framingham heart study coined what term?

risk factor

Jackson heart study

ongoing study that investigates the causes of cardiovascular disease in African Americans

coronary heart disease is how common

most common

coronary heart disease

reduction of blood flow to the heart

coronary heart disease is caused by

plaque buildup in coronary arteries

coronary heart disease causes

ischemia

ischemia

lack of oxygen

coronary heart disease symptoms

chest pain

cerebrovascular disease

damage to the brain from interrupted blood flow

strokes can be

ischemic and hemorrhagic

hemorrhage

rupture of a blood vessel

what percentage of adults have hypertension

45% of adults

hypertensive heart disease

heart disease caused by hypertension