Chapter 9 Nervous system

What transmit nerve impulses along nerve fibers to other neurons

What transmit nerve impulses along nerve fibers to other neurons

neurons

Neurons are made up of. . . .

cellbody, axon, dendrite

What are made up of bundles of nerve fibers

nerves

What carry out a variety of functions to aid and protect components of the nervous system.

neuroglia

what are carry impulses toward the cell body

dendrite

what carry impulses away from the cell body

axon

layer of lipids that surrounds some axons is called the ____________

myelin sheath

Form the myelin sheath in the PNS

schwann cells

narrow gaps in the sheath are

nodes of ranvier

tissue that has a sheath

myelinated

tissue lacking the sheath

unmyelinated

sensory neurons conduct impulses _____ the CNS

to

motor neurons conduct impulses _______ the CNS

from

inter neurons are located _________ the CNS

within

where does the inter neuron send the impulse to?

the correct motor neuron

Carry out phagocytosis

microglial

form the myelin sheath in the CNS

oligodendrocytes

form the blood-brain barrier

astrocytes

line the ventricles

ependymal

1. CNS

2. effector

3. motor neuron

4. receptor

5. sensory neuron

4, 5, 1, 3, 2

Part of the autonomic nervous system that operates under stressful conditions

sympathetic nervous system

The junction between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron

synapse

detects sensations and triggers impulses

sensory receptors

portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the brain and spinal cord

parasympathetic nervous system

automatic response to stimulus

reflex

axon end secretes to stimulate muscle fiber to contract or a neuron to fire an impulse

neuotransmitter

portion of the nervous system that controls smooth muscle

autonomic nervous system

The coverings of the brain and spinal cord

meninges

The coverings of the brain and spinal cord from the outside in are the:

Pura mater → Arachnoid → Pia Mater

The spinal cord contains both gray and white matter. The one in the shape of a butterfly is the

gray matter

The two hemispheres are connected by the

corpus callosum

largest portion; higher mental functions

cerebrum

processes sensory input; homeostatis

diencephalon

coordinates muscle activity

cerebellum

regulates actions of internal organs

brain stem

What makes cerebrospinal fluid

ependymal cells

Cavities in the cerebrum are known as

ventricles

what are ventricles filled with

cerebrospinal fluid

Synaptic transmission is the process where the message crosses the _________

synaptic cleft

Neurotransmitter action can either be _______ or _____

excitatory or inhibitory

Excitatory means …

go

Inhibitory means …

stop

the step of an impulse are

resting potential → depolarization → repolarization

impulse is a

a series of action potentials

Directs sensory information

thalamus

maintains homeostatis

hypothalamus

controls rate and depth of breathing

pons

contains cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory centers

medulla oblongata

Cerebellum

coordinates skeletal muscle activity