Chapter 4 - Pornography

The majority of pornography consumers are:
a. young married females.
b. young unmarried males.
c. young married males.
d. older unmarried males.

C) young married males.

Some researchers have hypothesized that pornography may lead to problems:
a. in separating sexual fantasy from reality.
b. in contributing to erective failure.
c. in discouraging real sexual encounters.
d. in creating abnormally high expectations of men's sexual performances.

A) in separating sexual fantasy from reality.

Holmes and Holmes, in their own research, found many children in the porn industry:
a. to be runaways.
b. to have lower IQs.
c. to have physical overdevelopment.
d. to be from low conflict families.

A) to be runaways.

Children in the porn industry are frequently:
a. users of cocaine.
b. users of heroin.
c. users of marijuana.
d. users of LSD.

C) users of marijuana.

The US Commission on Obscenity and Pornography concluded in 1970 that:
a. pornography should be available only by licence.
b. pornography was directly linked to adult sex offending.
c. pornography should be available to interested adults.
d. pornography should be widely banned.

C) pornography should be available to interested adults.

The exposure to pornography generally:
a. leads to sex crimes.
b. leads to heightened sexual arousal.
c. leads to lowered blood pressure.
d. leads to general violence.

B) leads to heightened sexual arousal.

The name of the activity in which parents arrange for their children to appear in child pornography is:
a. porno clubs.
b. sex clubs.
c. sporting clubs.
d. video clubs.

C) sporting clubs

Some audiences of child pornography are not pedophiles. They are:
a. drug users.
b. the curious.
c. children.
d. psychopaths.

B) the curious

Obscenity can be defined as:
a. another word for pornography.
b. something that is appealing to the darker desires.
c. something that is disgusting to the senses.
d. something that depicts sexual conduct.

C) something that is disgusting to the senses.

The country leading in the enactment of laws regulating pornography has been:
a. Sweden.
b. Canada.
c. United States.
d. China.

D) China

A characteristic of children who are involved in pornography is that:
a. they are under the age of eight.
b. they belong to church groups.
c. they have strong ties to their parents.
d. they are from a broken home.

D) they are from a broken home.

One of the standards used to determine what comprises pornography and obscenity is:
a. the average person applying current community standards.
b. the opinion of a randomly chosen group of experts.
c. a majority vote by federal commissioners.
d. a nationwide survey of citizens.

A) the average person applying current community standards.

By establishing contact with other child molesters on the Internet, an abuser:
a. can gain information with relative safety and anonymity.
b. seeks comfort in knowing they are not alone.
c. tries to put blame on others.
d. can establish an alibi.

A) can gain information with relative safety and anonymity.

Child abusers who use the Internet do so to:
a. communicate with others.
b. locate children to abuse.
c. traffic in child porn.
d. all of the above

D) all of the above

There is a high correlation between committing sexual offences with children and:
a. possession of child pornography.
b. possession of drugs.
c. commission of other violent crimes.
d. brain injuries.

A) possession of child pornography.

In the Middle East, in ancient times, sexual scenes were often depicted:
a. on the sides of buildings.
b. in books.
c. on scrolls.
d. on household objects.

D) on household objects.

What is the latest venue in which a person can have a conversation with others about sex?:
a. massage parlour
b. escort services
c. singles bars
d. chat rooms

D) chat rooms

There is a debate about whether it is the content of pornography that causes social problems or:
a. the age of the viewer that causes social problems.
b. the sexual orientation of the viewer that causes social problems.
c. the pre-existing deviance in the viewer that causes social problems.
d. laws that are too strict that cause social problems.

C) the pre-existing deviance in the viewer that causes social problems.

Several studies have reported that exposure to Internet pornography:
a. has resulted in an increase in men's negative attitudes toward women.
b. has resulted in no effect on men's attitudes toward women.
c. has resulted in an increase in youth's negative attitudes toward women.
d. is related to the amount of sexual exposure they have experienced.

B) has resulted in no effect on men's attitudes toward women.

The purpose of national organizations such as Citizens for Decency through Law has been to:
a. destroy all existing pornography.
b. lobby for legislation to impede the production and distribution of pornography.
c. tax pornography and use the funds to promote child welfare.
d. fund educational programs to voluntarily reduce pornography.

B) lobby for legislation to impede the production and distribution of pornography.

For some users, pornography has become:
a. a source of sex education.
b. a source of general education.
c. a type of artistic expression.
d. a way to treat their sexual anxieties.

A) a source of sex education.

Holmes et al. (1998) suggest that, for the voyeur, the Internet may:
a. provide them with a safe alternative to offending behaviour.
b. increase their likelihood of future offending.
c. cause them to commit contact sex crimes.
d. change their attitudes towards their sexuality.

A) provide them with a safe alternative to offending behaviour.

Running away from home may be viewed as a _______ for children in pornography:
a. show of defiance
b. problem solving technique
c. way to mature
d. way to communicate

B) problem solving technique

Harris and Staunton (2000) state that the relationship between pornography and sex crimes is related to such antecedents as:
a. a history of psychological disturbance in the offender.
b. substance abuse in the family of the offender.
c. sexual abuse in the family of the offender.
d. all of the above

D) all of the above

Kant and Goldstein (1973) found that during their adolescence, adult male sex offenders:
a. viewed less pornography than "normal" men.
b. viewed more pornography than "normal" men.
c. viewed the same amount of pornography as "normal" men.
d. viewed less pornography than "normal" men, but more than casual users.

A) viewed less pornography than "normal" men.

One study reported that viewers of child pornography tended to be:
a. black men aged 35.
b. white men aged 25.
c. white women aged 30.
d. white men aged 40.

B) white men aged 25.

In the United States, few laws regulated child pornography before:
a. 1989.
b. 1945.
c. 1977.
d. 2006

C) 1977

When courts consider whether something is pornographic and obscene, they might consider:
a. whether at least 15 per cent of the community views it to be offensive.
b. whether the work has some serious artistic merit.
c. the opinion of groups such as Citizens for Decency through Law.
d. a free vote by citizens.

B) whether the work has some serious artistic merit.

Typically, in magazines depicting child pornography:
a. only boys are featured.
b. only girls are featured.
c. girls and boys are featured.
d. only girls or boys are featured

D) only girls or boys are featured

The Internet has _______ the sales of child pornography magazines:
a. decreased
b. increased
c. had no effect on
d. improved

A) decreased

The chief advancement that makes sharing child pornography so easy is:
a. high speed printers
b. UBS cards
c. digital camera technology
d. satellite communication

C) digital camera technology

Which of the following would generally be considered pornographic?:
a. Playboy magazine
b. the Venus de Milo
c. medical textbooks depicting human genitals
d. all of the above

A) Playboy magazine

The literal translation of pornography is:
a. "illegal photograph."
b. "nude depiction."
c. "sexual exploitation."
d. "the writing of harlots."

D) "the writing of harlots."

A legal problem faced by police in hunting child molesters on the Internet is:
a. the defence of entrapment.
b. confirming the identity of the offender.
c. applying the proper laws to particular cases.
d. getting better computer equipment than the offender.

A) the defence of entrapment.

The primary motive for producing pornography is:
a. to make money.
b. to cause sexual interactions between people.
c. to make an artistic statement.
d. to cause civil unrest.

A) to make money

The effects of pornography may result primarily from the:
a. predilections of the viewer.
b. content of the images.
c. quality of the production.
d. time of day when the material is viewed.

A) predilections of the viewer.

While the debate about pornography is not a new one, often missing are:
a. arguments relating to moral issues.
b. arguments based on empirical findings.
c. arguments aimed toward legal restrictions on distribution.
d. arguments relating to tax revenues from distribution.

B) arguments based on empirical findings.

Children most often become involved in child pornography through:
a. answering personal ads.
b. manipulation by adults.
c. seeking work.
d. accidental encounters.

B) manipulation by adults.

The majority of pornography consumers are:
a. high school dropouts.
b. blue collar workers with high school education.
c. white collar workers with college education.
d. high school students.

C) white collar workers with college education.

Children involved in pornography often:
a. have poor social development.
b. are overachievers in school.
c. have other gainful employment.
d. have married parents

A) have poor social development.