chem november test (atomic structure, periodic table)

vertical collumns are…

groups! (number of electrons in the valency shell)

horizontal rows are….

periods! (number of electron shells)

all metals are solid except…

mercury

all metals have high densities except…

group one - the alkali metals

metals always form (postive/negative) ions

positive ions

why do metals lose electrons in the valency shell?

to obtain stability

….form coloured compounds

transition metals

…can act as catalysts (speed up reactions)

transition metals

… have different oxidation states

transition metals

non-metals form (positive/negative) ions

negative ions

where are the non-metals found in the periodic table?

top right

noble gases are…

unreactive (full outer shell)

… do not form molecules

noble gases

the boiling points of _____ increase in accordance to atomic mass / down the group

noble gases

state one use of argon

stopping filament from reacting with oxygen in lightbulbs

state one use of krypton

used for lasers in laser eye surgery

state one use of xenon

car lamps

the halogens form (____) molecules

diatomic (two atom)

…. are poisonous

the halogens

fluorine (state and colour)

pale yellow gas

chlorine (state and colour)

green gas

bromine (state and colour)

red-brown liquid

iodine (state and colour)

black solid that releases purple fumes (quick oxidation)

diatomic molecules are formed because of ___ bonding with atoms of the same element

covalent

halogen + metal →

halide ion (charge is always -1)

halogen reactivity (increases/decreases) down the group

decreases (intermolecular bonds strengthen, change of element states from gas to solid)