Untitled Flashcards Set

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Sagittal plane

Divides the body into left and right.

Midsagittal/Median plane

Divides the body into equal left and right halves.

Parasagittal plane

Divides the body into unequal left and right parts.

Frontal/Coronal plane

Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.

Transverse/Horizontal plane

Divides the body into superior and inferior sections.

Oblique plane

Divides the body at an angle.

Superior/Cranial

Towards the head or crown.

Inferior/Caudal

Towards the toes.

Anterior/Ventral

Towards the front of the body.

Posterior/Dorsal

Towards the back of the body.

Medial

Towards the middle of the body.

Lateral

Away from the middle of the body.

Proximal

Closer to the origin or point of attachment.

Distal

Far away from the origin or point of attachment.

Superficial

Towards the body’s surface.

Deep

Away from the body’s surface, more internal.

Dorsal cavity

Largest compartment, contains the cranial and vertebral cavities.

Ventral cavity

Largest compartment, can be subdivided into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

Plasma Membrane

A flexible, protective barrier around a cell that controls what enters and leaves.

Passive Transport

Molecules move from high to low concentration without energy.

Active Transport

Molecules move from low to high concentration using energy.

Isotonic Solution

Equal concentration inside and outside; cell stays the same.

Hypotonic Solution

Less solute outside the cell; water enters, making the cell swell.

Hypertonic Solution

More solute outside the cell; water leaves, causing the cell to shrink.

Nucleus

Controls the cell and contains its DNA, similar to the Hokage's role.

Nucleolus

Produces ribosomes, similar to the training provided at the Ninja Academy.

Ribosomes

Create proteins; can be free or attached to the Rough ER.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)

Helps modify and transport proteins, similar to a Jounin Sensei guiding Genin.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)

Makes lipids and detoxifies substances, akin to medics and intel division.

Golgi Apparatus

Packages and sends out proteins like postal ninjas handling scrolls.

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, providing energy like chakra for ninjas.

Lysosomes

Break down waste and invaders, similar to how ANBU manage threats.

Vacuole

Stores substances; smaller in animal cells, larger in plant cells.

Cytoplasm

Gel-like substance that fills the cell, akin to Konoha supporting its ninjas.

Cellular Respiration

Process of oxidizing food molecules to produce ATP.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Energy currency of the cell, storing and transferring energy.

Aerobic Respiration

Requires oxygen, high energy efficiency, occurs in mitochondria.

Anaerobic Respiration

No oxygen required, low energy efficiency, occurs in cytoplasm.