Media & Gram-Positive ID Tests and Enzyme Hydrolysis Tests

These flashcards cover key media used to identify Gram-positive bacteria and the enzyme hydrolysis tests along with their associated results.

Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)

Selective for salt-tolerant Staphylococcus and differential for mannitol fermentation.

Catalase Test

Detects the catalase enzyme; positive result is indicated by bubbles.

Coagulase Test

Detects coagulase enzyme; clot indicates positive result for Staphylococcus aureus.

Novobiocin Test

Differentiates Staph species based on sensitivity to novobiocin.

6.5% NaCl Broth

Tests for salt tolerance; cloudy result indicates positive for Enterococcus faecalis.

Bile Esculin Agar (BEA)

Selective for bile-tolerant bacteria; positive result indicated by black coloration from esculin hydrolysis.

Blood Hemolysis

Classified into β, α, and γ types based on hemolysis appearance.

Starch Hydrolysis

Involves the enzyme amylase; positive is indicated by a clear halo.

Casein Hydrolysis

Involves caseinase; breaks down casein into amino acids.

Gelatin Hydrolysis

Involves gelatinase; liquid after refrigeration indicates a positive result.

DNA Hydrolysis (DNase)

Breaks down DNA; positive result indicated by a clear halo.

Lipid Hydrolysis (Tributyrin)

Involves lipase; breaks down lipids into fatty acids.

Urea Hydrolysis

Involves urease; positive indicated by hot pink coloration from phenol red indicator.