Mussolini's foreign policy 1922-40
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The Rise of fascism 1896-1946 OCR A level history
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49 Terms
When was the Corfu incident?
August 1923
When was the Pact of Rome?
1924
What did the Pact of Rome achieve?
Fiume became part of Italy
When were the Locarno treaties?
1925
When was the Treaty of Friendship?
1926
When did Hitler come to power
1933
When did Italy invade Ethiopia
1935
When did Italy enter the Spanish Civil War?
September 1936
When was the Rome-Berlin axis?
November 1936
When did Italy invade Albania?
April 1939
When was the Pact of Steel?
May 1939
When did WW2 start?
September 1939
When did Italy enter WW2?
June 1940
When did Mussolini prevent Anschluss?
1934
When was the Hoare-Laval Pact?
December 1935
How many Italian soldiers died in the Spanish Civil war?
4000
When did Hitler successfully achieve Anschluss
March 1938
When did Mussolini meditate the Munich conference between Germany and Britain/France?
September 1938
Could Italy fight in WW2 when it started?
No, it lacked resources
How did Mussolini try to back out of commitments to Germany in 1939?
Mussolini asked for unrealistic quantities of war materials and called Germany treacherous when it invaded Poland which annulled the pact
What were Mussolini’s aims in regard to foreign policy?
To make Italy feared, respected, a great power and boost his own prestige.
What did Mussolini demand from the Greek government?
A full apology and 50 million lire.
What was the Corfu incident?
An Italian general and four of his staff were assassinated in Greece. Mussolini ordered the bombardment of Corfu.
How was the Corfu incident dealt with?
In support of the League, Britain demanded that Italy withdrew from Corfu. Mussolini had to agree.
When did Zog manage to take power in Albania?
1924
How did the fascists consolidate its hold on Albania?
It supplied Zog with money and employed Italian officers as advisers to the Albanian army.
What did the Treaty of Friendship cause Albania to be?
Little more than an Italian satellite state.
What did the Locarno Treaties do?
Guaranteed Germany’s western frontier.
When did Italy enter the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
1928
What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact do?
Outlawed war.
When did Mussolini dispatch troops to the Italian-Austrian border to deter Germany?
1934
What was the Stresa Front?
Britain, France and Italy agreed to collaborate to prevent Germany from breaching the Treaty of Versailles.
When was the Stresa Front?
1935
Why did Mussolini invade Abyssinia?
To enhance Italy’s great power status by growing its empire and increase Mussolini’s prestige.
When was the Wal-Wal incident?
December 1934
What was the Wal-Wal incident?
A border clash between Italian and Ethiopian troops. 30 Italian soldiers were killed.
What caused Mussolini’s popularity to soar in relation to the war in Abyssinia?
The League of Nations condemned it - the public wanted to defend the honour of Italy.
Only 1000 Italian casualties.
What did the Hoare-Laval Pact state?
Italy would receive 2/3 of Abyssinia.
How did the Hoare-Laval Pact impact British/French and Italian relations?
Mussolini despised that the western powers were weak and cowardly
When did Hitler agree not to carry out Anschluss?
January 1936
When did Italy interfere with the Spanish Civil War?
1936-9
How is Italian economic underdevelopment present in the Spanish Civil War?
Two planes crashed in Morocco as they did not have sand filters.
How much did the Italian government spend on the Spanish Civil War?
8 billion lire.
When did Italy join Germany and Japan in the Anti-Comintern Pact?
November 1937
When did Germany invade Czechoslovakia?
March 1939
When was the Pact of Steel?
May 1939
What was the Pact of Steel?
An aggressive alliance between Germany and Italy
Why was Italy non-belligerent until June 1940?
It was not prepared for war.
Why did Mussolini join WW2 in June 1940? (3)
France looked on the brink of defeat.
If Italy remained neutral, Europe could be dominated by Germany.
If Italy joined Germany, they could share Europe
Note 
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