9th Grade Biochemistry

Macromolecules

Macromolecules

________ are made up of monomers, or smaller subunits that are bonded together.

GROWTH

________: all living things grow and develop (this could mean a change in height, width, weight, etc)

Growth results

________ in an increase in the amount of of living material and the formation of new structures.

Absorption

________ is when dissolved substances are taken into the body.

Nucleotides

________ are made up of carbon sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen.

chemical

Each ________ that is worked on by an enzyme is called a substrate.

Circulation

________ is the distribution of the materials throughout the organism.

synthesis

Making carbs is dehydration ________.

Enzymes

________ can be reused /recycled.

DNA

There are two types of nucleic acids: ________ and RNA.

Homeostasis

________: the ability of a living thing to keep its internal environment the same regardless of change.

RESPIRE

________: living things need to intake gasses in order to breathe.

REPRODUCE

________: all living things have the ability to ________, although they do not need to ________ to survive.

outside source

Living things that require food from a(n) ________ are consumers /heterotrophs.

trillions of cells

Most organisms are multicellular, and can have up to ________.

RESPONSE TO STIMULI

________: a stimulus is a change in the environment.

Enzyme activity

________ will increase with substrate concentration up until a certain point, where it will remain the same.

Cells

________ are organized, with special parts that each perform particular functions.

Functions of carbs

________ is to provide short term energy and structure in cell plants.

single cells

All organisms begin their lives as ________.

molecule

A(n) ________ consists of carbon and (usually) hydrogen.

blocks of lipids

Building ________ are 3 fatty acids and glycerol.

Sexual reproduction

________ requires two organisms.

elements of carbs

The ________ are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.

giant molecules

Polymers are "________.

nucleic

Elements of ________ acids are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus.

Amino acids

________ are held together by peptide bonds.

blocks of proteins

Building ________ are amino acids.

Elements of proteins

________ are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.

Functions of lipids

________ are long term energy, insulation, water- proofing, shock absorption.

Asexual reproduction

________ requires one organism.

Enzymes

________ are used to regulate the speed of chemical reactions.

Cells

________ are different from one another.

Molecules

________ are held together by chemical bonds.

Enzymes

________ change the reactant (what you start with) to a product (what you make)

CELLS

________: all living things are made up of ________.

enzymes

All ________ are proteins but not all proteins are ________.

cell

A(n) ________ is the smallest unit of organization of a living thing.

enzyme

The ________ and substrate link up at a specific area called an active site.

Enzymes

________ work best at an optimal, or "peak "temperature.

Enzymes

________ work best at an optimal pH.