Family Planning/Contraception

Birth Control Pills

Class: Estrogen and progestin hormonal contraceptive
Indication: Prevents ovulation and pregnancy; regulates menstrual cycle.
Side Effects: Nausea, breast tenderness, mild weight gain, spotting.
Adverse Effects: Blood clots, stroke, hypertension (especially in smokers over 35).
Patient Teaching: Take pill at same time daily; use backup if missed dose; does not protect against STIs; report leg pain, chest pain, or vision changes (possible clot).

Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)

Class: Progestin-only contraceptive (injectable)
Indication: Long-acting reversible contraception (3 months per injection).
Side Effects: Irregular bleeding, weight gain, mood changes, decreased libido.
Adverse Effects: Bone density loss with long-term use, delayed fertility return.
Patient Teaching: Get injection every 3 months; increase calcium and vitamin D intake; may cause temporary irregular periods; use condoms for STI protection.

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