CSII Reviewer

Disaster

sudden events that bring disruption to a society with human, material, economic, and enviromental losses or impacts that exceed the ability of the affected community to cope up with by using their own resources. 

Disaster

situation or an event that overwhelms the capacity of the affected community which seek national or international assistant 

Disaster

Can develop over time

Natural hazards

is a potential threat like a hurricane or earthquake, catastrophic events caused by natural phenomena

Vulnerability of the community towards a disaster can be depended upon the factors relater to both: 

physical and social elements of the community, but do not solely depend on natural hazard itself

Anthropologist

who study about humankind especially human culture and human development

Cultural Factors that influence people’s behavior when facing to a hazard:

social values, religious believes, traditions, and attachment to a location.

Culture 

is the way of life that expresses certain meanings and values of people. 

Culture 

Ultimate way of doing things or a way of finding ways of doing things 

Anthropologists view the world as,

a cultural mosaic of traditional culture and inherited values.

Famous Anthropologists Edward Taylor claims that culture as ___

the “complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, moral, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of a society.

Culture ( Swindler) 

a tool kit compromising of symbols, stories, rituals and world views which people may used in different situations

Culture

encompass a group element, a pattern of shared basic assumptions (beliefs) that was learned by a group as it solved its problems if external adoption and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid.

Culture can be divided into two components

Material and Non-material

Material

physical or tangible creations that society make, use or share

Non-material

abstracts and intangible human creations of society that influence behavior

Non-material

compromises of beliefs, values, language, rules of behavior, family, patterns, political systems, networks. 

Main Components of Non-material

symbols, language, values and norms

Material culture

Can indicate your personality (e.g. through clothes)

central component of material culture as the beliefs - 

the mental acceptance or confidence that certain things are true or real. 

Symbols

communicates abstract concepts with visible objects and provide shared meanings to a culture and can provide loyalty, animosity, love and hate.

Language

helps to express ideas and enables communication with others

Values

Ideas of right and wrong, good and bad, desirable and undesirable. However, ______ do not dictate which behaviors are appropriate and inappropriate, but provide ideas or beliefs about behavior. ____helps us to evaluate people, objects and events.

Norms

behavioral expectation, the form of rules or standard of conducts

Prescriptive norms

say what behavior is appropriate or acceptable

Proscriptive Norms

say what behavior is inappropriate or unacceptable

Norms can be further classified into:

Informal (Folkways and Mores) and Formal

Informal Norms

that are unavoidable and are based on cultural values and deemed to be important for the well-being of the society. 

Folkways

informal norms or customs that may be violated without serious consequences 

Folkways

Follow through imitation and with less social pressure, but not strictly enforces by law

Mores

considered to be compulsory for the stability if the society

Formal Norms

LAW - are written down as legislations and enforced by formal sanctions

Folkways and Mores

create group patterns and behavior within a society and because of the group pressure; people in the society tend to follow them.