Special Sense - Taste & Smell

What are the Special Senses?

Touch, smell, sight, hearing, & balance

Touch

a large group of general senses

Where are the Touch sensory receptors?

Skin

Taste 

Food dissolved in saliva; Gustation

Where do the taste receptors occur?

taste buds

Where are taste buds found?

the surface of the tongue

Where are taste buds located within? 

Tongue Papillae 

What are the three type of papillae of taste buds? 

Fungiform, Vallate, & Foliate papillae 

What are the Taste buds a collection of?

50-100 Epithelial Cells

What are the two major cell types in Taste Buds?

Gustatory & Basal Epithelial Cells

What does the taste buds contain? 

Long Microvilli 

Long Microvilli 

extend through a taste pore to the surface of the epithelium 

How many days does the cells replaced in the taste buds?

7-10 days

What are the five basic qualities of taste?

Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, & Umami

Umami is…

elicited by glutamate 

How does the taste buds information reaches the Cerebral Cortex?

Through the Facial Nerve (CN VII) & Glossopharyngeal Nerve

(CN IX) 

Smell

Airborne chemicals that dissolve in fluids of the nasal mucosa; Olfaction

Olfactory receptors are part of the…

Olfactory Epithelium

Olfactory Epithelium is 

Pseudostraified Columnar 

What are the three main cell types that the Olfactory Epithelium contains? 

Olfactory sensory neurons, Supporting Epithelial cells, & Olfactory Stem cells 

Where are cell bodies of Olfactory Sensory neurons located?

Olfactory Epithelium

What do the Cell bodies of Olfactory sensory neurons have? 

dendrite that projects to the epithelial surface 

What acts as receptive structures for smell?

Olfactory Cilia

What is Olfactory Cilia actions?

mucus captures & dissolves odor molecules

What do you call gathering bundles of axons of olfactory sensory neurons?

Filaments of the Olfactory Nerve.

Filaments of the Olfactory Nerve

penetrates the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone then enter the olfactory bulbs and synapse with mitral cells 

What can Mitral cell transmits?  

impulses along the olfactory tract to Limbic system 

Limbic system is… 

emotional processing & memory 

Mitral Cells are the…. 

primary olfactory cortex. 

Taste & Smell receptors are classified as

Chemoreceptors

What do taste and smell respond to what?

Chemicals