The Duke---> The Father of Big Bang Jazz

What is Duke Ellingtons full name?

Edward Kennedy

How did Ellington start piano?

He was hit on the head while playing baseball and his mother decided it was time to do something safer

True or False, Ellington made sure his players were among the highest paid musicians in the business

True

How many pieces of music did Ellington compose?

2,000

Who did Ellington hire that established the characteristic approach of the Ellington ensemble?

Billy Strayhorn

What style did Ellington move towards?

Swing style

How did Ellington extend the form of his pieces?

By including a string of solos in the manner of Chicago jazz

The string of solos in the Ellington ensembles allowed for what?

Ellington to showcase the virtuosity of individual players

What was Ellington interested in?

New timbres

Ellingtons interest in new timbres led him to do what?

Often add various mutes to affect his brass players tone color

What did Ellington frequently ask of the clarinet?

For it to play in its lowest mysterious sounding register

What did Ellington add to his arrangements?

Wordless voice

Which song did Ellington add wordless voice to?

1927 recording of Creole Love Call

What did Ellington co-found?

Latin Jazz

Who also helped found Latin Jazz?

Juan Tizol

What did Latin jazz add to the swing style?

Latin American percussive techniques

What instrument did Count Basie play?

Piano

What was Count Basie’s full name?

Count William Basie

What was Basie in high demand for?

Accompanying and directing singers, dancers, and comedians in New York

What error in judgement did Basie make in 1927?

He agreed to be the accompanist for a touring group that fell apart

Where was Basie stranded after his touring group fell apart?

Kansas CIty

Who played a significant role in crafting the Kansas City sound?

Count Basie

What did Basie standardize?

The model rhythm section

What did the rhythm section consist of?

Piano, string bass, drum set, and guitar

What did the rhythm section do?

Served as backup instruments and sustained the harmony and beat while soloists were featured

Who created the head arrangement?

Count Basie

What is head arrangement?

A composition would be devised on the spot and played for the public

A full band playing riffs were a strategy of what?

Head arrangement

What is a riff?

An ostinato like repetition of a motif

How did New Orleans style differ from head arrangement riffs?

New Orleans style had interwoven multiple melodies (heterophony)

In Baise’s piano performances what would he do with his hands?

Let it perform a fluid right hand melody without maintaining a left hand accompaniment pattern

What job did Fletcher Henderson train for?

A chemist

Where did Henderson live?

New York

Where was Henderson going to college?

Columbia University

What did Henderson get a job as?

Demonstrating songs for a music publisher

The publisher Henderson worked for launched what?

Black Swan

What was Black Swan?

The first ever Black recording companyHo

How did Henderson unintentionally become a music publisher?

He made songs for Black Swan

How did Henderson set himself apart from typical dance bands?

He brought Louis Armstrong form Chicago

Where did Henderson and Armstrong perform?

At the Roseland Ballroom in New York

What did Armstrong inspire the other players to do?

Imitate his energy and style

Henderson was one of the earliest band leaders to do what?

Increase the size of his ensemble

What sectional techniques did Henderson use?

Sectional writing or block voicing

What is sectional writing and block voicing?

Treating each section as a harmonized unit

What ally was crucial to Henderson for adopting his sectional writing approach?

Don Redman

What did Henderson often employ between instrumental sections?

Distinctive call and response exchanges

True or False, Henderson used riffs extensively

True

What was Hendersons wife named?

Leora

Who was the trumpeter for Henderson?

Louis Metcalf

What did the sight of Hendersons men playing behind music stands do?

It created a learning to read music kick in Harlem