Muscle Anatomy and Functions

These flashcards cover key muscle groups, their functions, and anatomical locations based on the provided notes.

What is the function of the frontalis muscle in the epicranius?

Draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead.

What muscle is responsible for closing the eye?

Orbicularis oculi.

What action does the zygomaticus major muscle perform?

Draws the angle of the mouth superiorly and laterally, as in smiling.

Which muscle helps in the compression of the cheek as in blowing or sucking?

Buccinator.

What is the primary function of the masseter muscle?

Elevates and retracts the mandible.

What muscle depresses the lower lip?

Depressor labii inferioris.

How does the sternocleidomastoid muscle move the head?

Flexes the cervical part of vertebrae and head toward the chest.

What are the functions of the pectoralis minor muscle?

Depresses and abducts the scapula and rotates it downward, elevates ribs.

What is the prime mover of respiration?

Diaphragm.

Which muscle is the largest and chief extensor of the femur?

Gluteus maximus.

What do the quadriceps femoris group primarily do?

Extend the knee.

Which muscle is known as the 'tailor's muscle'?

Sartorius.

What action does the triceps brachii perform?

Extends the forearm and extends the arm.

What is the role of the gastrocnemius muscle?

Plantar flexes the foot and flexes the leg (knee).

Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot?

Tibialis anterior.

What are the three main muscles that make up the hamstrings?

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus.

What is the role of the abdominal wall muscles?

Flexion of spine and compression of abdomen.

What muscle elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible?

Digastric.

Which muscle acts as a synergist with the latissimus dorsi?

Teres Major.

What is the function of the supraspinatus muscle?

Abducts the arm and assists the deltoid.