APUSH 4.6-4.11

The Market Revolution in the early 19th century by primarily transforming the United States by

connecting regional economies through transportation and industrial innovation.

The Market Revolution caused regional specialization, which meant that

each region focused on different economic activities that supported a national market.

Nativist movements in the 1840s were most directly a reaction to

increased immigration from Ireland and Germany.

The Market Revolution caused regional specialization, which meant that

each region focused on different economic activities that supported a national market.

Nativist movements in the 1840s were most directly a reaction to

increased immigration from Ireland and Germany.

The “Cult of Domesticity” reinforced which of the following ideas?

Women should focus on moral influence within the home.

Universal white male suffrage in the early 1800s reflected which trend?

The expansion of voting rights while excluding women and African Americans.

The Spoils System was intended to

reward loyal party supporters with government jobs.

Which development best explains the rise of mass political participation in the 1820s?

New forms of campaigning and party organization.

The Whig Party primarily opposed Andrew Jackson because they believed he

acted like a monarch by overusing executive power.

One major consequence of the rise of the Second Party System was

increased voter turnout and democratic participation.

The Nullification Crisis centered on

southern opposition to federal tariffs.

Andrew Jackson’s veto of the recharter for the Second Bank of the U.S. reflected his belief that

the bank was unconstitutional and favored the wealthy.

The Indian Removal Act (1830) was justified by Jackson on the grounds that it

was necessary for national expansion and white settlement.

The Trail of Tears refers to

the forced migration of Cherokee Indians to Oklahoma.

Jackson’s frequent use of the veto power demonstrated

an expansion of executive authority.

Transcendentalists like Ralph Waldo Emerson emphasized

individual intuition and connection to nature.

Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience encouraged citizens to

resist injustice through peaceful protest.

The Hudson River School was known for

romanticizing American landscapes to express national pride.

The development of a distinct American literature during the early 1800s reflected

growing cultural independence and national identity.

The Second Great Awakening emphasized

emotional preaching and personal salvation through good works.

One major social impact of the Second Great Awakening was

increased participation in reform movements like temperance and abolition.

Charles Grandison Finney is best known for

leading revival meetings that inspired reform and moral change.

The Burned-Over District of New York became famous for

intense revival activity and reform movements.

The growth of new religious denominations during the Second Great Awakening showed

the spread of democratic ideals in religion.

The temperance movement aimed to

reduce alcohol consumption and promote moral behavior.

Dorothea Dix is best remembered for

improving conditions for the mentally ill and prisoners.

The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was significant because it

marked the beginning of the women’s rights movement in the U.S.

The Declaration of Sentiments was modeled after

the Declaration of Independence.

William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator were known for

promoting immediate abolition of slavery.

Frederick Douglass differed from many white abolitionists because he

was a former enslaved person who advocated for political action and equality.

The Underground Railroad was

a secret network helping enslaved people escape to freedom.

Utopian communities like Brook Farm and the Shakers sought to

establish ideal societies apart from mainstream culture.

The abolitionist movement was most strongly supported in

the industrial North.

Reform movements of the early 1800s were largely inspired by

the Second Great Awakening’s emphasis on human improvement.

The women’s rights movement and abolitionist movement were similar because both

were based on ideas of equality and human rights.

Horace Mann’s educational reforms focused on

creating public schools to promote equal opportunity.

The growth of reform movements in the early 19th century best illustrates

the influence of religion and optimism about human nature.

Which statement best summarizes the relationship between the Market Revolution and reform movements?

Economic change led to greater concern for social and moral improvement.

The reform era of the 1830s–1840s revealed that many Americans believed

society could be improved through human effort and moral progress.