QAQC FINALS 1

CRT Monitors

almost obsolete due to bulkiness and lower image quality compared to modern technologies.

Liquid Crystal Display

most common type of monitor used in medical imaging, good balance of image quality and energy efficiency.

Organic-Light Emitting Diode

the new standard, provides superior contrast and color accuracy, making them ideal for detailed medical imaging.

Pixel

smallest unit of digital image.

Dot Triads

three pixel of red blue and green to combine full spectrum of colors.

Resolution

no. of pixel in a display

3 megapixel

resolution used for radiologist workstation monitor5

5 megapixel

typically used resolution in mammography

10 megapixel

for highest end monitors.

Dot pitch

distance between dots/pixels.

Finer

smaller dot pitch _________ resolution

Refresh Rate

how fast the monitor show the next screen for every second.

motion blur

low refresh rate results to ____.

Aspect ratio

monitor with to the height

candela

measure of luminous density

Luminance

photon energy that reaches the eye.

Contrast/Brightness

range of luminance

93 percent

medical-grade 3-mp LCD monochrome monitor should be able to produce a contrast modulation of approximately ___ between off vs. on pixel.

Ambient light

light surrounding the area of the monitor/

can affect monitor performance, hence necessitating careful control in medical environments.

contrast sensitivity

sensitivity of “average“ human observer to luminance on a standard target.

Contrast Threshold

luminance differential required for the observer to detect a difference.

15-30 minutes

make sure eyes are adapted before making any primary diagnosis.

Spatial Resolution

capability to produce separable images of different points of an object with high fidelity.

Color Temperature

net appearance detected by the eye of the backlights on a monochrome display.

7200 degree kelvin

pure white appearance

10000-12000 degree kelvin

bluish tint appearance.

absence of gross artifacts

overall SMPTE image appearance should be inspected to assure _______.

atleast monthly

monitors used for interpretation should be tested.

linearity

spatial resolution refers to the (linearity vs distortion)

distortion

aliasing refers to the (linearity vs. distortion)

BWH pattern

test of continuous gray scale from the center to outside of the pattern.

no concentric ring like features should be present in the image.

Brigham Women’s Hospital Radiology Department

BWH pattern was developed in this institution.