Arthritis and Lower Extremity Joint Replacement

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on arthritis and lower extremity joint replacement, aiding in exam preparation.

Arthritis

Joint inflammation that affects the joints and surrounding tissues.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

A chronic autoimmune dysfunction that can damage joints and other systems, often affecting women more than men.

Demographics of RA

Affects women 3:1 compared to men, with onset typically between ages 30-40.

Etiology of RA

Idiopathic; with various environmental factors and genetic predisposition identified.

Signs and Symptoms of RA

Wide variation in symptoms, potential for systemic involvement including fatigue, weight loss, and joint deformities.

Synovitis

Inflammation and overactivity of synovial membrane leading to poor quality synovial fluid.

Common joint deformities in RA

Ulnar drift, swan-neck deformity, Boutonniere deformity, hammer toes, and bunions.

Medical Management of RA

Includes medication interventions and potential surgical options like synovectomy and arthroplasty.

OT Treatment Process for RA

Focuses on evaluating functional status, considering medications, and using pain rating scales.

Gentle PROM

Gentle passive range of motion exercises recommended during exacerbations of RA.

Positioning in RA treatment

Avoid positions of deformity during rest and activity.

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD), characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage.

Etiology of OA

Frequently referred to as 'wear and tear' disease due to repetitive impacts on joints.

Signs and Symptoms of OA

Localized pain increasing over time, often involving redness, edema, and formation of osteophytes.

Gout

Localized accumulation of uric acid crystals in or around joints, commonly affecting older males.

Demographics of Gout

Most commonly seen in men over 50, with increased incidence in women post-menopause.

Signs and Symptoms of Gout

Exacerbations with sudden onset of pain, redness, heat, and swelling around joints.

Weight Bearing Precautions

Precautions set by the physician determining the amount of weight that can be applied.

THA (Total Hip Arthroplasty)

Surgical procedure aimed at alleviating pain and restoring joint motion.

THA Posterior Approach Precautions

Includes restrictions on hip flexion, internal rotation, and adduction.

THA Anterior Approach Precautions

Includes restrictions on hip extension, external rotation, and adduction.

ORIF (Open Reduction Internal Fixation)

Surgical placement of hardware to stabilize fractures.

OT Intervention for THA

Focuses on ADLs, strengthening, and activity tolerance.

TKA (Total Knee Arthroplasty)

Surgical procedure aimed at replacing a damaged knee joint.

TKA Precautions

Includes weight-bearing per orders and avoiding knee rotation.

CPM (Continuous Passive Motion)

Provides passive motion to the knee after TKA surgery.

ADL (Activities of Daily Living)

Basic self-care tasks that require assistance or adaptation after joint replacements.

DME (Durable Medical Equipment)

Mobility aids and assistive devices used for rehabilitation.

Definition of Arthroplasty

The surgical replacement or reconstruction of a joint.

Joint Protection Techniques

Strategies to minimize stress on joints and prevent further damage.

Energy Conservation

Methods to manage energy expenditure during daily activities.

Gentle Isometric Exercises

Recommended during exacerbations to help preserve muscle strength.