WFC110 Labs 7&8

Rodentia (again)

order

Myomorpha

suborder under order Rodentia

Zapodidae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Myomorpha

• tri-colored, large ears

• hind limbs for jumping

• small skull

• large infraorbital foramen

• jerboas, jumping mice, birch mice

Cricetidae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Myomporpha

• northern hemisphere

• haired tail

• cheekteeth w/ 2 rows parallel cusps OR angular x-mas

• v-shaped infraorbital foramen

• v diverse

Muridae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Myomorpha

• worldwide

• hairless tail

• V shaped infraorbital foramen

• cheekteeth w/ 3 rows parallel cusps

• old world rats & mice

Hystricomorpha

suborder under order Rodentia

• large infraorbital foramen

• upper tooth rows converge anteriorly

• cheekteeth 4/4

Hystricidae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Hystricomorpha

• eastern hemisphere

• no quills towards head

• don’t need to know skull

• old world porcupines

Erethizontidae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Hystricomorpha

• western hemisphere; North American forests, Central & South American tropical forests

• uniformly spiny

• blocky skull

• large infraorbital foramen

• upper toothrows ~ converge anteriorly

• cheekteeth w/ large folds

• new world porcupines

Chinchillidae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Hystricomorpha

• south america

• large infraorbital foramen

• enlarged auditory bullae

• angular process elongate

• upper toothrows converge anteriorly

• flat cheekteeth w/ transverse plates

• chinchillas

Caviidae

family under order Rodentia, suborder Hystricomorpha

• south america

• large infraorbital foramen

• large paraoccipital process

• lower jaw prominent ridge

• upper toothrows converge anteriorly

• cheekteeth sharp angular folds

• capybaras, maras, guinea pigs

Eulipotyphla

order

Erinaceidae

family under order Eulipotyphla

• eastern hemisphere

• large canine-like upper incisors

• upper molars quadritubercular, round cusps

• hedgehogs, moonrats

Soricidae

family under order Eulipotyphla

• eurasia, africa, North america to northwest south america

• two condyles on mandible

• no zygomatic arch

• dilambdodont cheekteeth

• large upper 1st incisor w/ cusp

• shrews

Talpidae

family under order Eulipotyphla

• north america to eurasia

• complete zygomatic arch

• auditory bullar

• dilambdodont molars

• moles

Chiroptera

order

• flight

• sternum keeled

• bats

Pteropodidae

family under order Chiroptera

• tropics of eastern hemisphere

• simple ears

• no tragus

• large postorbital process

• distinct cheekteeth

• flying foxes. old world fruit bats

Phyllostomidae

family under order Chiroptera

• southwestern U.S. to argentina

• leaf nose

• 2 holes in palette (maybe 3)

• new world leaf-nosed or fruit bats

Molossidae

family under order Chiroptera

• cosmopolitan; deserts, semi deserts, savanna’s, forests

• Muzzle w/ bumps or wrinkles

• Free tail

• Ears forward

• Shorter palate, ends near cheekteeth

• free tailed bats

Vespertilionidae

family under order Chiroptera

• cosmopolitan

• Tail enclosed

• Prominent tragus

• Split palate

• Longer palate, ends posterior to end of cheek teeth

• common bats, vesper bats

Pholidota

order

Manidae

family under order Pholidota

• scale like plates

• No teeth

• No jugal, no parietal bones

• pangolins?

Carnivora

order

Feliformia

suborder under order Carnivora

Felidae

family under order Carnivora, suborder Feliformia

• every continent except Australia and Antarctica

• Less teeth, it good meat eating teeth

• Carnassial pair

• Short blunt rostrum

• Postorbital process

• Cats

Viverridae

family under order Carnivora, suborder Feliformia

• spotted or striped

• Small heads

• Short pointed erect ears

• Long pointed muzzle

• Diagonal division in auditory bullae

• genets, civets, etc.

Herpestidae

family under order Carnivora, suborder Feliformia

• unicolored or dorsal bands

• Round ears

• Mongoose/ meerkats

• Horizontal division in auditory bullae

• Postorbital process long

• mongooses, meerkats

Hyaenidae

family under order Carnivora, suborder Feliformia

• open vegetation communities

• Hind limbs > forelimbs

• Hyena , aardwolf

• Carnassials well developed

• Upper molar round or elongate

• hyenas, aardwolf