Task D - Cross-Country Flight Planning

Pre Flight planning should include

NWKRAFT

NOTAMS

Weather

Known ATC traffic delays

Runway Lengths

Alternative Airports

Fuel Required

Takeoff and Landing data

What are the 3 types of VFR aeronautical charts used

Sectional - Visual nav for slow to medium speed aircraft, every 56 days

VFR Terminal Area Charts (TAC) - Class B more detail with larger scale

VFR Flyway Planning Charts - On the back of a TAC chart. Depicts paths and attitudes to bypass high traffic areas

Common ways to navigate

Pilotage

Dead reckoning

Radio navigation

GPS

What factors should be considered when planning a VFR flight plan

Airspace

Airports

Terrain and obstacle clearance

Navigation and communication capability

What factors should be considered when selecting a cruise altitude

Winds Aloft

Trip length

Aircraft performance

Terrain and obstacles

Gliding distance

VFR cruising altitude above 3k AGL (East is odd +500, West is even +500)

Airspace

Weather

Difference between course, heading and track

Course is the intended path. Heading is the direction the nose is heading during flight. Track is the path over the ground

What is magnetic variation

The difference in physical location of the magnetic and geographic north pole. Approximately 15-16* in western WA

What is an Isogonic line

Broken magenta lines on a chart depicting the amount and direction of magnetic variation

What is magnetic deviation

Magnetic deflection caused by instruments in the airplane

What is required on a VFR flight plan

(FAR 91.153)

Aircraft Identification number

Type of aircraft

Full name and address of pilot in command

Point and proposed time of departure

Proposed route, cruising altitude and TAS

Point of intended landing, and elapsed time

Amount of fuel on board

How many people on board

How do you file a flight plan

Flight Service Station. 800weatherbrief, or equivalent flight plan filing service

When are VFR flight plans required

International flight, DC, into Air Defense Identification Zones (ADIZ)

Name several types of navigational aids

VOR, VORTAC, DME, RNAV, PBN

What is a VOR OR VORTAC

VHF Radio stations that emit radials in 360°

What is a VOR radial

A line of magnetic bearing extending from a VOR

What limitations are there to VOR reception distances

Reception is limited to line of site, range varies proportional to the aircraft elevation

What is WAAS

Wide Area Augmentation System is a system that corrects for error in GPS position

What is RAIM

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring ensures adequate GPS signals are being received

What is ADSB

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast is a system that allows broadcast of an aircrafts GPS position altitude and velocity

Explain how a transponder operates

An airborne radar beacon receiver and transmitter that sends and receives radio signals that helps ATC monitor your location

What are the main transponder codes

1200 vfr, 7500 highjacking, 7600 no comms, 7700 emergency

Explain the difference between Mode A, C, S

Mode A transmits position as a 4 digit code

Mode C transmits position and altitude

Mode S transmits position, altitude and data exchange

What are the lost procedures

Confess, Clime, Conserve, Communicate, Comply

What is ARTCC

Air Route Traffic Control Center is a service routing IFR and workload permitting VFR flight following

What is an ELT

An Emergency Locator Transmitter is a radio transmitter that transmits an aircrafts position in an emergency

Minimum safe altitude over a city

1000ft AGL of the highest obstacle within 2000ft radius

Minimum safe altitude other than a city

500ft AGL of any person, vessel, vehicle or structure

Fuel requirements for VFR flight

Fuel required to reach destination plus 30 minutes

Fuel requirements for VFR night

Fuel required to reach destination plus 45 minutes

Explain your personal minimums

3000ft ceiling, 5SM visibility, cloud clearance is 1000 above, 500 below, 2000ft horizontally. 7kt crosswind component, 1hr fuel reserve

What rules apply to VFR flight altitudes above 3000ft AGL and below 18k MSL

East is odd, 1000ft MSL altitude plus 500ft

West is even, 1000ft MSL altitude plus 500ft

When must the batteries of an ELT be replaced or charged

FAR91.207, after 1hr of operation or 50% of its useful life printed on the ELT

What are the supplemental oxygen regulations

FAR 91.211

Flight crew must use oxygen above 12500-14000 MSL for flight duration more 30 minutes

Flight crew must use oxygen for entire flight above 14K MSL

Each occupant must be provided oxygen above 15k MSL