Week 4: Biosphere and Climate单词卡 | Quizlet

Lower atmospheric co2 concentrations led to ___ c4 plants and a shift in herbivores because the nitrogen in c4 plants is ___ available to herbivores than in c3 plants

a) more, less

b) fewer, more

c) more, more

d) fewer, less

a) more, less

Which of the following statements about co2 sensing organisms is false:

a) plants use carbon dioxide levels to regulate the apertures of the holes in their leaves

b) insect herbivores use low carbon dioxide levels to determine which plant parts are most active

c) mushrooms use carbon dioxide levels to determine their height above ground

d) anthrax uses high carbon dioxide levels to determine that it is in the blood stream

e) social insects such use carbon dioxide levels to determine that the hive needs more ventilation.

d) anthrax uses high carbon dioxide levels to determine that it is in the blood stream

Increasing concentrations of atmospheric co2 could affect blood sucking insects because:

a) nitrogen concentrations in the plants where they live will change

b) they will need to detect small changes in carbon dioxide against higher background

c) increased carbon dioxide concentrations will inhibit their ability to synthesize proteins

d) increased carbon dioxide levels will decrease their oxygen intake

e) they will fly more slowly in thicker air

b) they will need to detect small changes in carbon dioxide against higher background

Organisms that are active at temperatures below freezing may (select all that apply):

A) Not photosynthesize.

B) Not conduct biochemical reactions in an aqueous medium.

C) Raise their internal temperature via metabolic heating.

D) Be dominant in tropical regions.

E) Lower their freezing point through accumulating dissolved solutes.

A) Not photosynthesize.

C) Raise their internal temperature via metabolic heating.

E) Lower their freezing point through accumulating dissolved solutes.

Which of the following statements about biochemical reactions essential to life is FALSE?

A) They proceed slowly when at temperatures near freezing.

B) They begin to decline abruptly at temperatures higher than 35°C.

C) They occur in organisms within an aqueous medium.

D) They accelerate 500% for each 10°C rise in temperature.

E) They accelerate exponentially between 15° and 35°C.

D) They accelerate 500% for each 10°C rise in temperature.

Which of the following events has NOT begun to occur earlier in the spring?

A) Equinox.

B) Egg laying.

C) Flowering of plants.

D) Peak flight date.

E) Arrival time of migrant species.

A) Equinox.

Krill are (select all that apply):

A) Solitary hunters.

B) A major food source for polar marine animals.

C) Small fish.

D) Marine invertebrates.

E) Filter feeders for plankton.

B) A major food source for polar marine animals.

D) Marine invertebrates.

E) Filter feeders for plankton.

Baleen was valuable as a source of:

A) Combs.

B) Springs.

C) Oil.

D) Cloth for undergarments.

E) Bone.

A) Combs.

As a consequence of climate change, areas for growing premium wine grapes will shift to ______ latitudes and ______ the coasts. Overall ______ areas in United States will be suitable for growing premium wine grapes.

A) higher, closer to, more.

B) higher, further from, more.

C) lower, closer to, fewer.

D) higher, closer to, fewer.

E) lower, further from, fewer.

D) higher, closer to, fewer.

Coral are common:

A) In polar waters.

B) In the deep oceans.

C) In tropical waters.

D) Near mid-latitudes.

E) Near upwellings.

C) In tropical waters.

Dengue fever is caused ______ species of ______ and transmitted by ______ species of mosquito.

A) one, protozoan, 30 to 40.

B) one, virus, one.

C) 4 or 5, protozoan, 30 to 40.

D) one, virus, 30 to 40.

E) 4 or 5, virus, one.

B) one, virus, one.

During the next 40 years, heat waves that increase human deaths will be:

A) 10 times more likely.

B) 30 times more likely.

C) 2 times more likely.

D) 100 times more likely.

E) 5 times more likely.

C) 2 times more likely.

Withdrawal and use of water for irrigation by agriculture over the past 20 years have:

A) Halved.

B) Doubled.

C) Remained steady.

D) Increased exponentially.

E) Quadrupled.

B) Doubled.

Which of the following is true about California (select all that apply)?

A) The state has many dams.

B) The water project has many pumping plants.

C) Water flows from the north part of the state to the south.

D) There appears to be a lot of speed boats in the state.

E) The water project runs along the coastline.

A) The state has many dams.

B) The water project has many pumping plants.

C) Water flows from the north part of the state to the south.

D) There appears to be a lot of speed boats in the state.

What is the source of water for many of the rivers in China?

A) Snow in the Himalayas.

B) Mekong Delta.

C) Rain in the Takia Makan Desert.

D) Bay of Bengal.

E) Pipelines from India.

A) Snow in the Himalayas.

Extracting water from saline soils is ________ for plant roots because they have a ________ concentration of solutes than their surroundings.

A) Easy, higher.

B) Hard, lower.

C) Neutral, equal.

D) Easy, lower.

E) Hard, higher.

B) Hard, lower.

pH = −log₁₀ (____________):

A) Activity of hydroxyl ions.

B) Activity of protons.

C) Concentration of water.

D) Activity of oxygen atoms.

E) Activity of electrons.

B) Activity of protons.

Altered pH in cell compartments may:

A) Alter carbon dioxide storage.

B) Dissipate pH gradients across biological membranes.

C) Shift greenhouse gas production.

D) Enhance animal reproduction.

E) Impede plant water uptake.

B) Dissipate pH gradients across biological membranes.

A pH gradient across a biological membrane:

A) Is unsustainable.

B) Causes DNA to replicate.

C) Transports DNA from cell to cell.

D) Is an important method for storing energy in a cell.

E) Produces a disassociation of water.

D) Is an important method for storing energy in a cell.

Rising concentrations of atmospheric CO₂, ______ the amount of CO₂ dissolved in the oceans, which ______ their acidity.

A) increases, increases.

B) decreases, increases.

C) decreases, decreases.

D) stabilizes, stabilizes.

E) increases, decreases.

A) increases, increases.