Organization of the Body Lecture Notes

A set of flashcards covering key terms and concepts for the Organization of the Body lecture.

Anatomy

The science of the structure of an organism and the relationship to its parts.

Physiology

The science of functions of organisms, often subdivided by the organism involved or the organizational level.

Gross Anatomy

The study of the body and its parts relying only on the naked eye.

Microscopic Anatomy

The study of parts with a microscope, including cytology and histology.

Developmental Anatomy

The study of growth and development of the organism.

Pathological Anatomy

The study of diseased body structures.

Systemic Anatomy

The study of the body's systems.

Autopoiesis

The concept that living organisms are self-organized and self-maintaining.

Characteristics of Life

Includes responsiveness, conductivity, growth, respiration, digestion, absorption, secretion, excretion, circulation, reproduction.

Levels of Organization

The hierarchy of biological organization ranging from chemical to organism level.

Organ

An organization of several different kinds of tissues to perform a special function.

Tissue

An organization of similar cells specialized to perform certain functions.

Directional Terms

Terms used to describe the locations of body parts in relation to one another, such as superior, inferior, medial, and lateral.

Body Planes

Imaginary lines that divide the body into sections, including sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes.

Anatomical Position

A reference position where the body is erect with arms at sides, palms forward, head, and feet pointing forward.

Ventral Body Cavities

Includes the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.

Dorsal Body Cavities

Includes the cranial cavity and spinal cavity.

Axial Subdivision

Includes the head, neck, and torso.

Appendicular Subdivision

Includes the upper and lower extremities.

Abdominopelvic Regions

Divided into nine regions such as the right hypochondriac region and epigastric region.

Abdominal Quadrants

Divided by one horizontal line and one vertical line through the umbilicus.

Complementarity of Structure and Function

The concept that the structure of an organ relates closely to its function.