AP World History - Full Year Review

Song Dynasty (Unit 1)

Song Dynasty (Unit 1)

- Highly centralized
- Imperial bureaucracy (appointed officials to make decisions)
- Confucianism used to justify rule
- Champa rice (Population growth -> urbanization and commercialization)

European developments (Unit 1)

- Decentralized
- Uses feudal system
- Christianity infused into the state

State-Building in Americas (Unit 1)

- Aztecs: Used tribute network and religion to create authority
- Incas: Used their military for conquest

Silk Road (Unit 2)

- Innovations: Caravanserai, paper money, banking houses

- Luxury goods such as silk
- Led to large trading cities
- Spread of Buddhism to East Asia

Indian Ocean (Unit 2)

- Innovations: Compass, astrolabe
- Luxury goods such as cotton and ivory
- Spread of Islam to East Africa and Southeast Asia

Mongols (Unit 2)

- Created "Pax Mongolica"
_ Centralized power (revolutionized trade and expanded infrastructure

Gunpowder Empires (Unit 3)

- Ottomans, Safavids, Mughals
- Centralized leadership using gunpowder to expand
- Ottomans and Mughals were Sunni, Safavid were Shia

Qing Dynasty (Unit 3)

- Re-established Chinese traditions
- Centralized power and bureaucratic

Power systems (Unit 3)

- Ottoman devshirme system: Christian boys recruited by force to serve the Ottoman government
- "Divine Right of Kings": Used to justify rule
- Taxation was used to centralize power

Exploration (Unit 4)

- New technology helped fuel exploration
- Three G's (Gold, God, Glory) inspiration for exploration
- Mercantilism: Wealth created by maximizing exports to mother country

Columbian Exchange (Unit 4)

- Exchange of food, animals, and disease between East and West
- Benefited the East at the expense of the West

Maritime Empires (Unit 4)

- Europe: Created their empires through mercantilism and conquest
- Asia: Used Indian Ocean trade

The Enlightenment (Unit 4)

- Philosophical revolution emphasizing science and reason
- Influenced revolutions
- Key philosophers: John Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire

Revolutions (Unit 4)

- American, French, Haitian, Latin American

Industrialization (Unit 4)

- Shift to manufacturing dominated economy due to advancements in technology

Rationales for Imperialism (Unit 6)

- Industrialization made developed countries more powerful
- They use imperialism to exploit less developed countries and expand

Economic Imperialism (Unit 6)

- Industrial powers exploit other countries for economic advancements

Resistance to Imperialism (Unit 6)

- Indian Rebellion of 1857 against British rule

World War I (Unit 7)

- Causes: (M.A.I.N.) Militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism
- Led to the Treaty of Versailles which punished Germany

Economies (Unit 7)

- Russian Revolutions: Creation of Communist USSR (5 Year Plans)
- The Great Depressions: Global economic crisis starting in the US

World War II (Unit 7)

- Caused by rise in fascism, alliances between fascist states and expansion
- US and USSR emerge as global superpowers

The Cold War (Unit 8)

- Main cause: Ideological differences between US and USSR (Capitalism vs. Communism_
- The USSR tries imposing communism in Eastern Europe
- US tries to contain communism

Decolonization (Unit 8)

- After WWII, real progress toward decolonization
- New states created: Pakistan, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, etc.

End of the Cold War (Unit 8)

- Mikhail Gorbachev implemented liberal policies in USSR leading to its collapse into multiple states

Globalization (Unit 9)

- Growing connection between people in the world as technology advances

Reforms and changes (Unit 9)

- Civil Rights (Racial equality)
- Feminism (Women's equality)
- Environmental (Global warming and natural resources)