DIT142: Computer Hardware and Troubleshooting

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to computer hardware and troubleshooting as outlined in the lecture notes.

What is the definition of a Computer?

A programmable multipurpose electronic machine that can process data into information.

What are the critical hardware components of a computer?

Processor, Memory, Storage, Motherboard.

How many generations of computers are there?

There are 5 generations of computers.

What characterizes the Fifth Generation of computers?

Based on Artificial Intelligence, focusing on creation of intelligent machines that can work and react like humans.

What does RAM stand for and what is its function?

Random Access Memory; it stores data that the CPU needs for quick access during processing.

What is the role of the CPU in a computer?

The CPU is the central brain that performs all logical and arithmetic computations and controls attached devices.

What is BIOS?

Basic Input Output System; it is the boot firmware program that controls the computer from startup until the operating system takes over.

What does the acronym POST stand for?

Power On Self Test; it tests the basic components of the system when the computer is turned on.

What are the different types of computers based on processing power?

Super Computers, Mainframes, Mini Computers, Micro Computers.

What is the difference between digital and analog signals?

Analog signals vary smoothly over time whereas digital signals represent information as a sequence of discrete values.

What is the purpose of cache memory?

To store the most frequently used instructions and programs, providing higher speed access to the CPU.

What is a motherboard?

The main circuit board of the computer that holds many components like the processor and RAM.