1.1 What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important?

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9 Terms

1

division of labor

the way in which different workers divide required tasks to produce a good or service

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2

economics

the study of how humans make choices under conditions of scarcity

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3

economies of scale

when the average cost of producing each individual unit declines as total output increases

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4

fiscal policy

economic policies that involve government spending and taxes

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5

macroeconomics

the branch of economics that focuses on broad issues such as growth, unemployment, inflation, and trade balance

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6

microeconomics

the branch of economics that focuses on actions of particular agents within the economy, like households, workers, and business firms

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7

monetary policy

policy that involves altering the level of interest rates, the availability of credit in the economy, and the extent of borrowing

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8

scarcity

when human wants for goods and services exceed the available supply

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9

specialization

when workers or firms focus on particular tasks for which they are well-suited within the overall production process

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