Anatomy & Physiology PAK 03 Practice Test

Which of the following is not a type of muscle fiber?

a. smooth

b. rough

c. skeletal

d. cardiac

rough

All of the following are members of the hamstring group except ___.

a. sartorius

b. semimembranosus

c. biceps femoris

d. semitendinosus

sartorius

The myofilament that can be described as a globular protein strung together like beads to form two intertwined strands is:

a. actin

b. tropomyosin

c. myosin

d. troponin

actin

The connective tissue sheath that envelops bundles of muscle fibers is the:

a. epimysium

b. endomysium

c. perimysium

d. periosteum

perimysium

A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called a(n):

a. isotonic contraction

b. tonic contraction

c. tetanic contraction

d. isometric contraction

isotonic contraction

Glucose can be stored in the muscle as:

a. creatine phosphate

b. glycogen

c. myoglobin

d. ATP

glycogen

Which of the following is caused by an impact?

a. contusion

b. tennis elbow

c. strains

d. cramps

contusion

In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to overhead, which of the following muscles is least utilized?

a. biceps brachii

b. triceps brachii

c. deltoid

biceps brachii

Which of the following types of muscle tissue contains cells that have a single nucleus?

a. cardiac and smooth muscle

b. cardiac

c. skeletal

d. smooth

cardiac and smooth muscle

Which of the following is not associated with the thin myofilament?

a. actin

b. tropomyosin

c. myosin

d. troponin

myosin

Which of the following muscles do not move the upper arm?

a. latissimus dorsi

b. pectoralis major

c. deltoid

d. trapezius

trapezius

Which of the following is a muscle in the upper back?

a. internal oblique

b. trapezius

c. rectus abdominis

d. pectoralis major

trapezius

The neurotransmitter(s) secreted at the motor end-plates of skeletal muscles is/are:

a. dopamine

b. norepinephrine

c. acetylcholine

d. could be any of the above

acetylcholine

Which of the following muscles are involuntary?

a. cardiac

b. smooth

c. both cardiac and smooth

d. skeletal

both cardiac and smooth

Which of the following muscles has fibers on a transverse plane?

a. rectus abdominis

b. external oblique

c. transverse abdominis

d. internal intercostals

transverse abdominis

Which of the following terms describes an isometric contraction?

a. eccentric contraction

b. static tension

c. eccentric contraction and concentric contraction

d. concentric contraction

static tension

Aerobic respiration:

a. allows the body to avoid the use of oxygen for a short time

b. results in the formation of lactic acid

c. produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule

d. results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule

produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule

A sarcomere is a segment of myofibril between two successive:

a. I-bands

b. H-bands

c. A-bands

d. Z-lines

Z-lines

When an athlete injures a muscle of the hamstring group, the injury is on the:

a. posterior thigh

b. anterior thigh

c. upper arm

d. posterior lower leg

posterior thigh

The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is called the:

a. sarcolemma

b. sarcomere

c. myofibril

d. sacroplasm

sarcolemma

The lactic acid produced by anaerobic respiration is converted buck to glucose in the:

a. sarcoplasmic reticulum

b. liver

c. mitochondria

d. lungs

liver

The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is:

a. hemoglobin

b. calcium

c. ATP

d. iron

iron

The muscle that raises or lowers the shoulders or shrugs them is the:

a. trapezius

b. pectoralis minor

c. latissimus dorsi

d. deltoid

trapezius

Which of the following muscles is attached to the Achilles tendon?

a. gastrocnemius

b. tibialis anterior

c. sartorius

d. adductor muscle

gastrocnemius

Sarcolemma is:

a. a system of transverse tubules that extend at a right angle to the long axis of the cell

b. a segment of the myofibril between two successive Z-lines

c. a unique name for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

d. none of the above

a unique name for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

A muscle is attached to the femur and the tibia. When the muscle contracts, the knee bends. That would mean that the:

a. tibia attachment is the origin

b. tibia attachment is the insertion

c. femur attachment is the insertion

d. tibia attachment is the origin and femur attachment is the insertion

tibia attachment is the insertion

The muscle that encircles the eye is the __.

a. frontalis

b. orbicularis occuli

c. nasalis

d. zygomaticus

orbicularis occuli

Attempting to pick up an object too heavy to lift would result in which type of muscle contraction?

a. isometric

b. treppe

c. flaccid

d. isotonic

a. isometric

The ___ muscles are used for breathing.

a. trapezius

b. pectoralis major

c. diaphragm

d. erector spinae

diaphragm

All of the following are characteristics of smooth muscle except:

a. there are no T-tubules

b. there are no striations

c. the sarcoplasmic reticula is poorly developed

d. a unit of combined cells is formed

a unit of combined cells is formed

From smallest to largest, which of the following is the correct order of arrangement?

a. fiber, myofilament, myofibril

b. myofilament, myofibril, fiber

c. myofibril, myofilament, fiber

d. fiber, myofibril, myofilament

myofilament, myofibril, fiber

The muscle that extends and adducts the upper arm is the:

a. latissimus dorsi

b. pectoralis minor

c. deltoid

d. trapezius

latissimus dorsi

The covering of individual muscle fibers is the:

a. periosteum

b. endomysium

c. perimysium

d. epimysium

endomysium

Which of the following is not a muscle of the quadriceps femoris group?

a. vastus medialis

b. biceps femoris

c. vastus intermedius

d. rectus femoris

biceps femoris

All of the following muscles are part of the rotator cuff muscles except the:

a. supraspinatus

b. infraspinatus

c. teres minor

d. deltoid

deltoid

A muscle ___ happens when a muscle is stretched beyond its usual limit.

a. cramp

b. strain

c. contusion

d. bruise

strain

Bundles of fine fibers that extend lengthwise along muscle fibers are called:

a. myofilaments

b. sarcoplasmic reticulum

c. striae

d. myofibrils

myofibrils

Musclees may be named according to:

a. function

b. direction of fibers

c. points of attachment

d. all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles?

a. heat production

b. movement

c. posture

d. protection

protection

Which of the following is also known as striated muscle?

a. involuntary muscle

b. smooth muscle

c. visceral muscle

d. skeletal muscle

skeletal muscle

The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the:

a. supinator

b. biceps brachii

c. brachialis

d. triceps brachii

triceps brachii

The action of the brachialis muscle is to:

a. pronate the forearm

b. extend the forearm

c. supinate the forearm

d. flex the forearm

flex the forearm

The myofilament that can be described as bundled golf clubs with their heads sticking out from the bundle is:

a. actin

b. myosin

c. tropomyosin

d. troponin

myosin

Which of the following is not a factor in why warm muscle contracts more forcefully than a cool muscle?

a. ATP releases energy faster

b. calcium diffuses through the sacroplasm more quickly

c. calcium tends to accumulate in the sacroplasm

d. all of the above are factors

ATP releases energy faster

The teres major and teres minor muscles move the:

a. upper arm

b. wrist

c. forearm

d. shoulder

upper arm

A muscle that assits with mastication is the:

a. orbicularis oris

b. platysma

c. buccinator

d. masseter

masseter

Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the:

a. endomysium

b. perimysium

c. epimysium

d. aponeurosis

perimysium

The ___ muscle causes extension of the forearm.

a. brachialis

b. biceps brachii

c. triceps brachii

d. brachioradialis

triceps brachii

The release of __ ions with the arrival of the action potential enables the attachment of myosin heads to actin filaments.

a. Na+

b. Cl-

c. K+

d. Ca++

Ca++

Muscle fibers that attach to a central tendon are described as __>

a. unipennate

b. triangular

c. multipennate

d. bipennate

bipennate

Which of the following is not a muscle of the head or neck?

a. temporalis

b. internal intercostals

c. frontalis

d. zygomaticus

internal intercostals

brevis

short

myo-

mouse

rectus

straight

cleido-

clavicle

-glossus

tongue

penna-

feather, wing

lemma-

sheath

-ceps

head, origin

tetan-

rigid, tense

The smallest contractile uit of muscle is a:

a. fiber

b. sarcomere

c. myofibril

d. myofilament

sarcomere

Which of the following is not a posterior muscle that acts on the shoulder girdle?

a. trapezius

b. rhombideus

c. pectorialis minor

d. levator scapulae

pectorialis minor

fasci-

bundle

-metric

measure

perone-

fibula

-stalsis

constriction

agon-

contest

synap-

union

gaster-

belly

pectus-

chest, breast

sacro-

flesh

The striations seen in skeletal muscle cells under the microscope are what part of the sarcomere?

a. Z-lines

b. A-bands

c. I-bands

d. all of the above

all of the above

Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the:

a. ulna and radius

b. ulna and humerus

c. humerus

d. clavicle and scapula

clavicule and scapula

The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. What term might be part of its name?

a. rectus and femoris

b. oblique

c. recturs

d. femoris

rectus and femoris

The first event to occur in muscle relaxation is:

a. acetylocholine is release

b. tropomyosin returns its original position

c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum begins actively pumping calcium back into its sacs

d. myosin cross-bridges are prevented from binding to actin

the sarcoplasmic reticulum begins actively pumping calcium back into its sacs

Which of the folowing muscles function(s) protect the abdominal viscera?

a. external oblique

b. internal oblique

c. transversus abdominis

d. all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following muscles is an example of an extensor?

a. peroneus longus

b. trapezius

c. deltoid

d. flexor carpi radialis

trapezius

Forward movement of a body segment away from anatomical position in the sagittal plane is knows as ___:

a. extension

b. flexion

c. eversion

d. hyperextension

flexion

triceps (naming of muscles)

number of heads or divisions

rectus (naming of muscles)

direction of fibers

biceps (naming of muscles)

number of heads or divisions

adductors (naming of muscles)

function

brachialis (naming of muscles)

location

quadriceps (naming of muscles)

number of heads or divisions

deltoid (naming of muscles)

shape

gluteus (naming of muscles)

location

sternocleidomastoid (naming of muscles)

points of attachment

pronator (naming of muscles)

function

skeletal muscle

contains thick, long, unbranched and cylindrical fibers; under voluntary control; heavily striated; found in skeletal muscles; moves the skeleton, helps maintain posture, produces heat; contains many nuclei, near the sarcolemma; extensive sacroplasmic reticulum, stores and releases calcium

cardiac muscle

finely striated; contains short, branching, cylindrical fibers; found in the wall of the heart; causes the heat to pump blood; tubules are large in diameter and form dyads with the sarcoplasmic reticulum

smooth muscle

contains small, spindle-shaped fibers; nonstriated; found in the walls of hollow organs and blood vessels; causes movement within internal organs and blood vessels; peristalsis and mixing are both principal functions; the visceral type contains many gap junctions; T tubules are absent

smooth and cardiac muscle

under involuntary control

biceps brachii (action)

flexion

gluteus maximus (action)

extension

gluteus medius (action)

abduction

semispinalis capitis (action)

extension

sternocleidomastoids (action)

flexion

triceps brachii (action)

extension

adductor longus (action)

adduction

soleus (action)

extension