Chapter 10 Pathos

Alzheimer disease (AD) (Alzheimer's)

Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia), personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning.

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem.

epilepsy

Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity.

Huntington disease (Huntington's)

Hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration.

multiple sclerosis (MS)

Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue.

myasthenia gravis (MG)

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles.

palsy

Paralysis (partial or complete loss of motor function).

Parkinson disease (Parkinson's)

Degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement.

Tourette syndrome (Tourette's)

Involuntary spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrollable vocal sounds; and inappropriate words.

herpes zoster (shingles)

Viral infection affecting peripheral nerves.

meningitis

Inflammation of the meninges; leptomeningitis.

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

encephalopathyBrain disease and dementia occurring with AIDS.

cerebral concussion

Type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head.

cerebral contusion

Bruising of brain tissue resulting from direct trauma to the head.

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Thrombotic — A blood clot in an artery leaving the brain

Embolic — A dislodged clot that travels to the cerebral arteries

Hemorrhagic — A blood vessel, such as the cerebral artery, breaks and bleeding occurs

Migraine

A severe, recurring, unilateral, vascular
headache