Chapter 2: I've got to be me - Self Discovery and Identity, and Chapter 3: I Am Whole and Steady—Wholeness and Balance in Life

Personal Development 11

How to Deal with Body Issues (1.)

1. Prioritize health over beauty.

How to Deal with Body Issues (2.)

2. Get help for a healthy body, if necessary.

How to Deal with Body Issues (3.)

3. Avoid being critical of how you look.

How to Deal with Body Issues (4.)

4. Be yourself. Accept the God-given gifts you have.

How to Deal with Body Issues (5.)

5. Look inside yourself and be your own inspiration.

How to Deal with Body Issues (6.)

6. Love yourself.

How to Deal with Body Issues (7.)

7. Appreciate your beauty and others’ beauty, inside and out.

Questions that are listed in the Middle and Late Adolescence (1.)

What do I want to be in the future?

Questions that are listed in the Middle and Late Adolescence (2.)

What course should I take?

Questions that are listed in the Middle and Late Adolescence (3.)

What job will fulfill me?

Questions that are listed in the Middle and Late Adolescence (4.)

Should I study abroad?

Questions that are listed in the Middle and Late Adolescence (5.)

Am I ready to leave home?

Self-Identity

Adolescence is the point in life when you ask who you are.

Changes and Transitions—Physical Changes and Body Image (1.)

1. Physiological

Changes and Transitions—Physical Changes and Body Image (2.)

2. Physical

Changes and Transitions—Physical Changes and Body Image (3.)

3. Psychological

James Marcia identified key elements in achieving a mature identity (1):

1. Crisis which presents an opportunity to explore

James Marcia identified key elements in achieving a mature identity (2):

2. Commitment which keeps you faithful in your beliefs and values, as well as focused on identified goals, plans, or chosen career.

James Marcia identified four statuses of youth which indicate identity issues. (1)

1. Identity diffused

James Marcia identified four statuses of youth which indicate identity issues. (2)

2. Foreclosed

James Marcia identified four statuses of youth which indicate identity issues. (3)

3. Moratorium

James Marcia identified four statuses of youth which indicate identity issues. (4)

4. Identity achieved

What are the four (4) aspects of Holistic Development? (1.)

1. Physical Develoment

What are the four (4) aspects of Holistic Development? (2.)

2. Cognitive Development

What are the four (4) aspects of Holistic Development? (3.)

3. Socio-Emotional Development

What are the four (4) aspects of Holistic Development? (4.)

4. Spiritual Development

Throop and Castellucci (2011) listed ways to improve your memory (1.):

1. Repetition

Throop and Castellucci (2011) listed ways to improve your memory (2.):

2. Organization

Throop and Castellucci (2011) listed ways to improve your memory (3.):

3. Mnemonics

What is the meaning of “soma”?

Body

What is the meaning of “psyche”?

Mind

What is the meaning of “kritikos”?

Discerning Judgement

What is the meaning of “criterion”?

Standards

A 5-Step Critical Thinking General Problem Solving Process (I)

Identify and set priorities.

A 5-Step Critical Thinking General Problem Solving Process (D)

Determine relevant information and deepen understanding.

A 5-Step Critical Thinking General Problem Solving Process (E)

Enumerate options and anticipate consequences.

A 5-Step Critical Thinking General Problem Solving Process (A)

Assess the situation and make preliminary decision.

A 5-Step Critical Thinking General Problem Solving Process (S)

Scrutinize the process and self-correct as needed.

An ancient greek philosopher who held that nature is in a constant state of flux. Everything changes through time.

Heraclitus of Ephesus (530-470 BC)

Adolescence is a crucial period in the development of an individual.

Understanding the Middle and Late Adolescence

The Middle and Late adolescence is between the ages of?

15-21

Most of the physical changes have already taken place at the early part of adolescence

Physiological

Physiological is roughly between ages of?

12-14

During the middle part of adolescence, a major growth spurt sets in, resulting in the individual’s distinct physical characteristics. These are secondary characteristics as a result of physiological changes in the body.

Physical

From that awkward feeling of recognizing the changes happening with your body, you now become conscious of what has taken place and what comes with it.

Psychological

What are the common questions in Psychological?

“How do I look?”

“Am I overweight?”

“Do I look good?”

The distinctive characteristics of the individual are what we call ____ _______.

Self-Identity

In psychology, self-identity is significantly related to one’s overall ____ __________ (____ ______) and _____ __ ___________.

Self-evaluation (self-esteem) and sense of indivuality

There are two prominent developmental theorists who focused on self identity during the period of adolescence:

Erik Erikson and James Marcia.

Establishing a clear personal identity is important at this stage. You need to become of who you are. It sets the ground of becoming the person you want to be in the future. If you fail to achieve this, what will be the consequence?

Identity confusion or role diffusion

Failure to achieve a clear sense of identity leads to

identity crisis

a sense that you do not know who you are.

identity crisis

How you see yourself will also be affected:

either you get low self-esteem or develop an exaggerated outlook of yourself.

It is not a passive activity or readily given to you. You work on it. You make an effort to know yourself. You engage in the process.

Identity achievement

An expert in identity formation

James Marcia

James Marcia defines identity as

“an internal, self-constructed, dynamic organization of drives, abilities, beliefs, and individual history.”

-          You have not experienced identity crisis.

Identity diffused

-          There is little or no evidence of identity crisis.

Foreclosed

-          You are going through identity crisis.

Moratorium

-          You have come to clearly understand who you are, and have already decided on what you want.

Identity achieved

How to Be Independent (1.)

1. Be responsible.

Learn to manage time and money.

Develop planning skills.

How to Be Independent (2.)

2. Know your limitations.

How to Be Independent (3.)

3. Remain respectful of adults and authorities.

How to Be Independent (4.)

4. Believe in yourself.

What is Wholeness?

Wholeness, essentially, is an integral sense of integration.

Who wrote that we are all pilgrims on a journey toward wholeness and fullness of life.

Emeth and Greenhut (1991)

Is one of the few classical thinkers and psychologists during his time who seriously put forward the concept of wholeness in theory and practice.

Carl Jung (1875-1961)

Jung recognized that man is-

essentially a whole being.

Who wrote the individuation process and what is the name of his book?

Singer 1972 and his book is Boundaries of the Soul.

What is individuation process?

is a path to self knowledge.

Another psychological theory that recognizes man as a whole being is

Gestaltism

This holds that psychological distress or mental problems are caused significantly by the split self.

Gestalt theory

Compared to the Jungian approach to wholeness, Gestalt theory takes a

bodily orientation (physical self) integrated with psychological functioning in treating an individual.

As explained by Kepner (1987)

“an integrated approach aims to bring together all aspects of the person so that the person can experience himself or herself as a unitary organism.”

-       Points to the body and it's functioning.

Physical Development

How do you keep yourself healthy?

1. Watch what you eat

2. Keep yourself fit and strong

3. Avoid abuse of your body

-       Refers to the patterns of thinking which include reasoning, ability to learn, remembering and solving problems.

Cognitive Development

comes from the word kritikos (discerning judgement) and criterion (standards). It requires ability to reason out (logical thinking), infer, analyze, interpret, and explain.

Critical Thinking

It is said to be the latin description for emotion.

Motus anima

What is the meaning of Motus anima?

It means “the spirit that moves us” (Hasson, 2012).

-       Motus anima is said to be the latin description for emotion. It means “the spirit that moves us” (Hasson, 2012).

Socio-Emotional Development

-       Emotions involve body arousal

Physiological Component

-       Refers to the subjective conscious experience of the person.

Cognitive Component

-       This is the outward expression of emotions as seen in your facial expressions, body language, and manner of speaking.

Behavioral Component

-       Growing up, our emotional responses develop from single ___, ____, and ___ to more distinct emotions.

anger, fear, and joy

-       Coon (2011) cited Robert Plutchik’s primary emotions (aside from those three) which include

surprise, sadness, disgust, anticipation, and acceptance.

"It is also the time when an individual begins to ask about God and the meaning of life."

Spiritual Development

Students' Guide to Living a Balanced Life (1.)

1. “Take care of your body. Keep it strong and healthy. It is the trunk of your dreams and your ally in your journey.”

Students' Guide to Living a Balanced Life (2.)

2. "Keep your mind at work. Fill it with wisdom; be creative and use it to improve your life and the world."

Students' Guide to Living a Balanced Life (3.)

3. "Let your emotions lead you to doing what is good, and express them in ways that build relationships."

Students' Guide to Living a Balanced Life (4.)

4. "Believe in God, in the beauty of life, and in the inherent goodness of others. As you do your best, you leave to God the rest."