Chapter 2.1-2.2-2.3 - Dissolving & Solubility & Chromatography - Year 8 2023

What is a solute?

A solid, smaller part that dissolves.

What is a solvent?

A liquid, which is the bigger part, and does the dissolving.

What is the universal solvent?

Water

What is a solution?

A colourless or transparent homogenous mixture made from a solute and a solvent.

Solubility

The ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

Transparent

You can see through something.

Opaque

You can’t see through something.

Melting

• 1 substance

• Change of state

• Change of energy

Dissolving

• 2 or more substances

• Creates solution or mixture

• Particles evenly distributed

Law of Conservation

Mass of solution = mass of solute + mass of solvent

What is chromatography?

• technique used to separate mixtures into component’s molecules

Why do molecules move up the paper at different rates?

→ solubility

→ molecular mass

→hydrogen bond with paper

What does pure mean?

When only 1 spot is produced on the chromatograph.

What does impure mean?

When 2 or more spots are produced on the chromatograph.

What is a chromatograph?

Machine that helps scientist separate and analyse different substances to see if it’s a mixture or a pure substance.

What is a chromatogram?

It’s a colourful graph showing the end result of an analysis which shows all the substances which make up a mixture.

What is the stationary phase in chromatography?

When there’s just paper in the jar.

What is a mobile phase?

When there is water in the jar where your doing paper chromatography.

What is a solvent front?

The furthest point where the solvent in its mobile phase has traveled.