AP Physics 1 Review Ch 8 & 9 Rotation

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts essential for understanding rotational motion in AP Physics 1.

Angular Displacement

The angle in radians through which a point or line has been rotated in a specified sense about a specified axis.

Torque

A measure of the force that produces or tends to produce rotation or torsion of a body about an axis.

Moment of Inertia

A scalar value that measures how difficult it is to change the rotational motion of an object, depending on the mass distribution.

Angular Momentum

The quantity of rotation of a body, which is the product of its moment of inertia and its angular velocity.

Net Torque

The sum of all torques acting on an object, determining its rotational acceleration.

Rotational Kinetic Energy

The kinetic energy due to the rotation of an object, given by the formula KE_{rot} = rac{1}{2} I heta^2.

Conservation of Angular Momentum

A principle stating that if no external torque acts on a system, the total angular momentum of the system remains constant.

Centripetal Acceleration

The acceleration that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle.

Angular Velocity

The rate of change of angular displacement, usually measured in radians per second.

Power

The rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, defined as P = rac{W}{t}.

Static Equilibrium

A condition where all forces and torques acting on a system are balanced, resulting in no net force and no net torque.

Conservation of Mechanical Energy

The principle stating that the total mechanical energy in a closed system remains constant if only conservative forces act.

Average Angular Velocity

The total angular displacement divided by the total time taken, usually expressed in radians per second.

Kinetic Energy

The energy that an object possesses due to its motion, given by the formula KE = rac{1}{2} mv^2.

Work

The process of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance by an external force.