Break from Rome

What was Henry VIII's initial religious stance at the start of his reign?

He was a committed Roman Catholic.

What was the name of the religious movement that opposed the Catholic Church during Henry VIII's reign?

Protestantism.

Who was the leader of Protestantism that influenced the Reformation?

Martin Luther.

What book did Henry VIII write in 1521 to express his support for Catholicism?

In Defence of the Seven Sacraments.

What title did the Pope bestow upon Henry VIII for his defense of Catholicism?

Defender of the Faith.

What was the process of reforming the Church known as during Henry VIII's time?

The Reformation.

What does transubstantiation refer to in Catholic belief?

The belief that bread and wine physically transform into the body and blood of Christ.

What was one key difference regarding church leadership between Catholicism and Protestantism?

Catholicism believed the Pope was the head of the Church, while Protestantism supported rulers leading their own churches.

What three sacraments were recognized in Protestantism?

Baptism, the Eucharist, and penance.

What shift did Henry VIII make regarding his marriage to Catherine of Aragon?

He sought a divorce.

What significant action did Henry VIII take as the Pope refused to annul his marriage?

He broke from Rome.

What was the significance of the Act of Succession of 1534?

It declared Henry’s marriage to Catherine invalid and recognized Anne Boleyn as queen.

What did the Act of Supremacy of 1534 establish?

It acknowledged Henry as the head of the English Church.

Who was appointed as the King’s Vicegerent after the Act of Supremacy?

Thomas Cromwell.

What was required by the clause in the Act of Succession regarding allegiance to Anne Boleyn?

Individuals were required to take an oath supporting Anne as queen.

What did the 1534 Treason Act make punishable by death?

Denying the royal supremacy.

Why was the existing Treason Act of 1532 insufficient?

It did not apply to those who spoke against the king's divorce or break with Rome.

What action did Henry VIII take against the Pope's authority after declaring his marriage invalid?

He ordered the Pope's name to be struck from prayer books in England.

What was a major consequence of breaking from the Pope for Henry VIII?

Control over church finances and authority shifted to the Crown.

What were Henry VIII's motives for breaking with Rome besides personal reasons?

Desire for greater control and financial benefits from the Church.

What was the role of Anne Boleyn in influencing Henry's religious decisions?

She provided him with literature supporting Protestant ideas.