INORGANIC CHEM P4

A. Silicone

Simethicone is a component of several antacid formulations. How is it chemically classified?

A. Silicone

B. Ketone

C. Alcohol

D. Wax

C. Antifoaming

Simethicone

A. Analgesic

B. Antipyretic

C. Antifoaming

D. Antiarrhythmic

A. Silicosis

This is a chronic lung condition resembling tuberculosis in symptoms:

A. Silicosis

B. Parakeratosis

C. Ketosis

D. Itai-itai disease

A. Silicon dioxide

Quartz

A. Silicon dioxide

B. Magnesium oxide

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Aluminum oxide

A. Suspending agent

What is the use of bentonite?

A. Suspending agent

B. Lubricant

C. Binder

D. Precipitant

A. Talc

Which of the following substances is a native hydrous magnesium silicate?

A. Talc

B. Kaolin

C. Bentonite

D. Pumice

B. Magnesium silicate

Talc is chemically known as:

A. Aluminum silicate

B. Magnesium silicate

C. Zinc silicate

D. Calcium silicate

C. Talc

Softest mineral known:

A. Calamine

B. Kaolin

C. Talc

D. Bentonite

D. B and C

Fuller's earth is known as:

A. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

B. Floridin

C. Aluminum Magnesium silicate

D. B and C

​

GERMANIUM (Ge)

Formerly known as "EKA - SILICON" (Mendeleev)

TIN (Sn)

Stannum

>> Used in tin cans and household utensils

Stannous dioxide (SnO₂)

→ Obsolete treatment for Staphylococcal infections

Stannous fluoride (SnF₂)

→ Obsolete anticariogenic agent

A. Germanium

Mendeleev gave this element the name "eka-silicon":

A. Germanium

B. Tin

C. Zirconium

D. Lead

LEAD (Pb)

Plumbum

• Source: GALENA (PbS - Lead Sulfide)

• Toxicity: Plumbism / Saturnism

Antidote:

• Pediatrics → SUCCIMER

• Adults → EDTA

Lead acetate (Pb(CH₃COO)₂)

→ Aka UGAR OF LEADS

Lead oxide (PbO)

→ Aka LITHARGE

Lead subacetate (Pb₃C₄H₁₀O₈)

→ Aka GOULARD'S EXTRACT

→ Used in the preparation of Goulard’s cerate

C. Lead monoxide

Litharge is:

A. Lead carbonate

B. Lead acetate

C. Lead monoxide

D. Lead subacetate

GROUP IVB

Members: Ti, Zr, Hf

Titanium

Zirconium

Hafnium

TITANIUM (Ti)

Also known as SONS OF THE EARTH

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

• Solar ray protectant

• OPAQUANT

• Used in sunscreen formulations - SPF (Sun Protection Factor)

ZIRCONIUM (Zr)

Former deodorant agent (banned for causing SKIN GRANULOMA)

B. Titanium dioxide

Which among the following is used as a solar ray protective or sunblock?

A. Barium sulfate

B. Titanium dioxide

C. Sodium nitrate

D. Antimony chloride​

GROUP VA - Nitrogen Family / Pnictogens

• Valence electrons: 5

• Oxidation states: -3

• Members: N P As Sb B (No PAs Sb Bi)

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

Arsenic

Antimony

Bismuth

NITROGEN (N)

• Also known as AZOTE/MEPHITIC AIR

• Production: LINDE - FRANKL process

• Storage: BLACK cylinder

true

additional info

AZOTE - nitrogen

ASOGE - mercury

AZUFRE - sulfur

NITROGEN (N)

Most abundant gas in the atmosphere

Component of the artificial atmosphere:

• NITROGEN

• OXYGEN

• HELIUM

• CARBON DIOXIDE

• NITROUS OXIDE

COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN

CYANIDE

NITRIC ACID

NITROUS OXIDE

Cyanide (CN)

• Source: CASSAVA

• Inhibits CYTOCHROME OXIDASE → ASPHYXIA IN CELL (HISTOTOXIC HYPOXIA - INHIBITS CELLULAR RESPIRATION)

Nitric acid (HNO₃)

Aka: Aqua fortis; strong acid

Nitrous oxide (N₂O)

AKA: LAUGHING GAS

INHALATIONAL ANESTHETIC

Color of cylinder: BLUE CYLINDER

D. I, II, IV

Which of the following gases are official and used as an artificial atmosphere?

I. Nitrogen III. Neon

II. Oxygen IV. Carbon dioxide

A. II, III, IV C. I, II, III

B. I, III, IV D. I, II, IV

B. HNO₃ - NITRIC ACID

Aqua fortis

A. H₂SO₄ C. HCl

B. HNO₃ D. HF

D. Blue

Nitrous oxide is usually supplied in cylinders, which are colored ____

A. Green C. Brown

B. Black D. Blue

PHOSPHORUS (P)

• Also known as LIGHT CARRIER/ ST. ELMO'S FIRE

• Phosphine (PH₃): poisonous gas with ROTTEN FISH ODOR

Allotropes of Phosphorus

white/yellow, red, violet, scarlet, black P

White/Yellow Phosphorus

→ TOXIC FORM → causes Phossy Jaw (necrosis of the jaw)

Red Phosphorus

→ NON TOXIC FORM → component of matches (striker pads) and fireworks

• Production: Heating of White Phosphorus at 537 K (300°C)

Violet Phosphorus

• White P + SODIUM (Na) + 200°C Heat

• Red P + 823 K (550°C) Heat for 1–2 weeks

Scarlet Phosphorus

Tribromide + Hg + 200°C Heat

Black Phosphorus

• White P + Pb + 530°C Heat

• White P + 473 K (200°C) Heat + 1200atm

A. Black phosphorus

This allotrope of phosphorus is made by heating phosphorus at 200°C under a pressure of 1,200 atm:

A. Black phosphorus C. Red phosphorus

B. White phosphorus D. Yellow phosphorus

ARSENIC (As)

• Also known as LEWISITE METAL

• Toxicity: MEE'S LINE

• Antidote: BAL/DIMERCAPROL

• Nickname: POISON OF CHOICE for professional killers

• Vital component of ARSPHENAMINE / SALVARSAN / COMPOUND 606 OF PAUL EHRLICH (anti-syphilis)

Arsine

AsH₃ - REMEMBER THIS

Arsphenamine / Salvarsan / Compound 606

Anti-syphilis → discovered by PAUL EHRLICH (FATHER OF CHEMOTHERAPY)

Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

Antileukemic agent (Trisenox®)

D. Dimercaprol

Referred to as British Anti-Lewisite and effective as an antidote for poisoning caused by heavy metals:

A. Glycobuarsol C. Eflornithine

B. Melarsoprol D. Dimercaprol

B. AsH₃

Which of the following binary compounds is called arsine?

A. CH₃ C. PH₃

B. AsH₃ D. NH₃

ANTIMONY (Sb)

STIBIUM

Source: STIBNITE / ANTINOMY GLANCE (SB₂S₃)

Antimony Potassium Tartrate

K₂Sb₂(C₄H₂O₆)₂

• Aka: BROWN MIXTURE / TARTAR EMETIC

• For the treatment of SCHISTOSOMIASIS

BISMUTH (Bi)

BEAUTIFUL MEADOW

• Internal protectant for PUD PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

Toxicity:

• DARK STOOL

• BLUE BLACK GUMS

Antidote: DIMERCAPROL/BAL