Unit Four Review: The United States 1800-1848

This set of flashcards covers key concepts and events from Unit Four of American History, focusing on the identity formation of the United States between 1800 and 1848.

What time period does Unit Four cover?

1800 to 1848.

What major conventions bookend the time period of Unit Four?

The election of Thomas Jefferson and the Seneca Falls Convention.

What is the main theme of this unit regarding American identity?

The United States is becoming multiple concurrent and sometimes competing identities.

What are the two massive themes that characterize the United States' identity during this time?

Expansion and war.

What significant foreign policy was enacted by Thomas Jefferson in 1807?

The Embargo Act.

What was the outcome of the Non Intercourse Act of 1809?

It allowed trade with countries except Great Britain and France.

Which treaty ceded Florida to the United States?

The Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819.

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

A policy that declared the Western Hemisphere as a U.S. sphere of influence and opposed European intervention.

What revolution significantly changed the American economy during this period?

The Market Revolution.

Who is credited with creating the first textile factory in the United States?

Samuel Slater.

What was significant about Eli Whitney's contribution to manufacturing?

He introduced interchangeable parts to production.

What was an important factor in the urbanization during the Market Revolution?

The influx of European immigrants seeking work in industrial cities.

What did the Panic of 1819 lead to in terms of voting rights?

A push for universal white male suffrage and the removal of property qualifications.

Who organized the Seneca Falls Convention?

Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

What did the Missouri Compromise achieve?

It maintained the balance between free and slave states by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

How did the Northern states respond to slavery in this period?

They moved towards abolition and passed gradual emancipation laws.

What was Nat Turner's rebellion?

An 1831 uprising led by Nat Turner that resulted in the deaths of over 50 whites and prompted harsher slave codes.

What was the effect of the Second Great Awakening on American society?

It spurred social reform movements, including the temperance and women's rights movements.

What societal class structure developed as a result of the Market Revolution?

Three distinct classes: the business elite, middle class, and working class.

What characterized the middle class in early 19th century America?

A distinct social identity that emphasized gender roles and family responsibilities.

What was the impact of the American System proposed by Henry Clay?

It aimed to create a national economy and connect regional economies through infrastructure, tariffs, and a national bank.

What was the central argument made by abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison?

He argued for immediate abolition of slavery without compensation to slave owners.

What ideology helped to unite white southerners in defense of slavery?

White supremacy.

How did Southern states respond to the growing abolitionist movement?

They imposed stricter slave codes and increased control over enslaved populations.

What were the main ways enslaved people resisted their condition?

Through covert resistance (like breaking tools) and overt resistance (like revolts).